Dalton Madeline A, Adachi-Mejia Anna M, Longacre Meghan R, Titus-Ernstoff Linda T, Gibson Jennifer J, Martin Susan K, Sargent James D, Beach Michael L
Hood Center for Children and Families, Community Health Research Program, HB 7465, Dartmouth Medical School, One Medical Center Dr, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
Pediatrics. 2006 Nov;118(5):1932-42. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-3082.
Evidence suggests that media portrayals of tobacco and alcohol use are important predictors of adolescent smoking and drinking. We examined the role of parents in monitoring and limiting children's movie exposure and whether or not this was associated with a lower risk of adolescent smoking and drinking.
We surveyed 2606 child-parent dyads between 2002 and 2003. We asked children (9-12 years of age) how often their parents engaged in specific behaviors to monitor their movie viewing and if their parents allowed them to watch R-rated movies. We also surveyed children about parental monitoring of nonmedia-related behaviors. The primary outcomes were risk of smoking and drinking alcohol, defined by attitudinal susceptibility or early experimentation with either substance.
Less than half (45.0%) the children were prohibited from watching R-rated movies. Of those who were allowed to watch R-rated movies, one third (34.7%) always viewed them with a parent and two thirds (65.3%) sometimes watched them without a parent. Less than 10% of the children reported that their parents consistently engaged in all 4 movie-monitoring behaviors. Even after controlling for parental monitoring of nonmedia-related behaviors and other covariates, children were at lower risk of smoking and drinking if their parents prohibited them from watching R-rated movies. Parental coviewing of R-rated movies was associated with a lower risk of child smoking but not drinking if parents consistently monitored what their children watched.
Parental rules and monitoring of children's movie viewing may have a protective influence on children's risk for smoking and drinking, over and above parental monitoring of nonmedia related behaviors. This highlights a potential role for parents in preventing early initiation of tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents.
有证据表明，媒体对烟草和酒精使用的描绘是青少年吸烟和饮酒的重要预测因素。我们研究了父母在监控和限制孩子观看电影方面的作用，以及这是否与青少年吸烟和饮酒风险降低有关。
我们在2002年至2003年期间对2606对儿童-父母二元组进行了调查。我们询问儿童（9至12岁）他们的父母多久进行一次特定行为来监控他们观看电影的情况，以及他们的父母是否允许他们观看R级电影。我们还调查了儿童关于父母对非媒体相关行为的监控情况。主要结果是吸烟和饮酒风险，通过态度易感性或对任何一种物质的早期尝试来定义。
不到一半（45.0%）的儿童被禁止观看R级电影。在那些被允许观看R级电影的儿童中，三分之一（34.7%）总是与父母一起观看，三分之二（65.3%）有时在没有父母陪同的情况下观看。不到10%的儿童报告说他们的父母始终进行所有4种电影监控行为。即使在控制了父母对非媒体相关行为的监控和其他协变量之后，如果父母禁止孩子观看R级电影，孩子吸烟和饮酒的风险也会降低。如果父母始终监控孩子观看的内容，与父母一起观看R级电影与儿童吸烟风险降低有关，但与饮酒风险无关。
父母对孩子观看电影的规定和监控可能对孩子吸烟和饮酒风险具有保护作用，这超出了父母对非媒体相关行为的监控。这突出了父母在预防青少年过早开始使用烟草和酒精方面的潜在作用。
