Widarto Heru Tri, Van Der Meijden Ed, Lefeber Alfons W M, Erkelens Cornelis, Kim Hye Kyong, Choi Young Hae, Verpoorte Robert
Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Chem Ecol. 2006 Nov;32(11):2417-28. doi: 10.1007/s10886-006-9152-6.
The metabolic alterations of Brassica rapa (L.) leaves attacked by larvae of the specialist Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) and the generalist Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were investigated with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, followed by a multivariate data analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) of (1)H NMR spectra showed that metabolic changes in B. rapa leaves induced by the 2nd and the 4th instars were different from each other. However, the congestion of the one-dimensional (1)H NMR spectrum made it difficult to identify discriminating metabolites. To overcome the spectral complexity, several two-dimensional NMR techniques were applied. Of those evaluated, J-resolved spectroscopy, which affords an additional coupling constant, provided a wide range of structure information on differentiating the metabolites. Based on the J-resolved spectra combined with PCA, the major signals contributing to the discrimination were alanine, threonine, glucose, sucrose, feruloyl malate, sinapoyl malate, and gluconapin.
利用核磁共振（NMR）光谱研究了受专食性小菜蛾（鳞翅目：菜蛾科）和多食性甜菜夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）幼虫侵害的芜菁叶片的代谢变化，随后进行了多变量数据分析。1H NMR光谱的主成分分析（PCA）表明，二龄和四龄幼虫诱导的芜菁叶片代谢变化彼此不同。然而，一维1H NMR光谱的拥挤使得难以识别具有区分作用的代谢物。为了克服光谱复杂性，应用了几种二维NMR技术。在评估的技术中，能提供额外耦合常数的J分辨光谱法提供了关于区分代谢物的广泛结构信息。基于结合PCA的J分辨光谱，有助于区分的主要信号是丙氨酸、苏氨酸、葡萄糖、蔗糖、阿魏酰苹果酸、芥子酰苹果酸和葡糖芥苷。
