Ebbini Emad S, Yao Hui, Shrestha Ajay
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Ultrason Imaging. 2006 Apr;28(2):65-82. doi: 10.1177/016173460602800201.
A 64-element, 1 MHz prototype dual-mode array (DMUA) with therapeutic and imaging capabilities is described. Simulation and experimental results for the characterization of the therapeutic operating field (ThxOF) and imaging field-of-view (IxFOV) for a DMUA are given. In addition, some of the special considerations for imaging with DMUAs are given and illustrated experimentally using wire-target arrays and commercial, quality-assurance phantoms. These results demonstrate what is potentially the most powerful advantage of the use of DMUAs in image-guided surgery; namely, inherent registration between the imaging and therapeutic coordinate systems. We also present imaging results before and after discrete and volumetric HIFU-induced lesions in freshly-excised tissues. DMUA images consistently show changes in echogenicity after lesion formation with shape and extent reflecting the actual shape of the lesion. While changes in echogenicity cannot be used as an indicator of irreversible HIFU-induced tissue damage, they provide important feedback on the location and extent of the expected lesion. Thus, together with the self-registration property of DMUAs, lesion images can be expected to provide immediate and spatially-accurate feedback on the tissue response to the therapeutic HIFU beams. Based on the results provided here, the imaging capabilities of DMUAs can add unique features to other forms of image guidance, e.g. MRI, CT and diagnostic ultrasound.
描述了一种具有治疗和成像功能的64阵元、1MHz原型双模阵列（DMUA）。给出了用于表征DMUA治疗操作场（ThxOF）和成像视野（IxFOV）的模拟和实验结果。此外，还给出了使用DMUA进行成像的一些特殊考虑因素，并通过线靶阵列和商业质量保证体模进行了实验说明。这些结果证明了在图像引导手术中使用DMUA可能具有的最强大优势；即成像和治疗坐标系之间的固有配准。我们还展示了在新鲜切除组织中离散和体积性高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）诱导损伤前后的成像结果。DMUA图像始终显示损伤形成后回声性的变化，其形状和范围反映了损伤的实际形状。虽然回声性的变化不能用作不可逆HIFU诱导组织损伤的指标，但它们提供了关于预期损伤位置和范围的重要反馈。因此，结合DMUA的自配准特性，损伤图像有望提供关于组织对治疗性HIFU束反应的即时和空间准确反馈。基于此处提供的结果，DMUA的成像能力可为其他形式的图像引导（如MRI、CT和诊断超声）增添独特功能。
