Manyena Siambabala Bernard
Disaster and Development Centre, School of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Disasters. 2006 Dec;30(4):433-50. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2006.00331.x.
The intimate connections between disaster recovery by and the resilience of affected communities have become common features of disaster risk reduction programmes since the adoption of The Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015. Increasing attention is now paid to the capacity of disaster-affected communities to 'bounce back' or to recover with little or no external assistance following a disaster. This highlights the need for a change in the disaster risk reduction work culture, with stronger emphasis being put on resilience rather than just need or vulnerability. However, varied conceptualisations of resilience pose new philosophical challenges. Yet achieving a consensus on the concept remains a test for disaster research and scholarship. This paper reviews the concept in terms of definitional issues, the role of vulnerability in resilience discourse and its meaning, and the differences between vulnerability and resilience. It concludes with some of the more immediately apparent implications of resilience thinking for the way we view and prepare for disasters.
自《2005-2015年兵库行动框架》通过以来，受灾社区的灾后恢复与其恢复力之间的密切联系已成为减少灾害风险计划的共同特征。如今，人们越来越关注受灾社区在灾害后“恢复原状”或在很少或没有外部援助的情况下恢复的能力。这凸显了减少灾害风险工作文化需要转变，应更加强调恢复力，而不仅仅是需求或脆弱性。然而，对恢复力的各种概念化带来了新的哲学挑战。然而，就这一概念达成共识仍然是对灾害研究和学术的考验。本文从定义问题、脆弱性在恢复力论述中的作用及其含义，以及脆弱性与恢复力之间的差异等方面对这一概念进行了综述。文章最后阐述了恢复力思维对我们看待灾害和为灾害做准备的方式的一些更直接明显的影响。
