Cleland John, Ali Mohamed M, Shah Iqbal
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK.
Reprod Health Matters. 2006 Nov;14(28):17-22. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(06)28250-8.
The trends in contraceptive uptake and condom use among single and married young women show distinct patterns in sub-Saharan Africa. A large median increase of 1.4 percentage points per year in condom use by single young women for pregnancy prevention was witnessed in 18 countries based on Demographic and Health Survey data from 1993 to 2001. In contrast, a modest increase in condom use was noted for married or cohabiting young women. Condom promotion in Africa has been, therefore, a success for single women. Its promotion for pregnancy prevention offers even greater potential, as pregnancy prevention is the main or partial motive of most single women who use condoms. While a myriad of research studies on condom use among young single people have been conducted and published, the needs of the married and cohabiting population have been neglected by researchers and programme staff alike, despite the fact that more than half of HIV infections in the severe epidemics of Southern and East Africa are occurring in this group. The barriers to condom adoption by married couples may not be as severe as is often assumed.
撒哈拉以南非洲地区单身和已婚年轻女性的避孕措施使用趋势及避孕套使用情况呈现出不同模式。根据1993年至2001年的人口与健康调查数据，在18个国家中，单身年轻女性为预防怀孕而使用避孕套的比例每年中位数大幅增长1.4个百分点。相比之下，已婚或同居年轻女性的避孕套使用量仅略有增加。因此，在非洲，避孕套推广对单身女性而言是成功的。其在预防怀孕方面的推广潜力更大，因为预防怀孕是大多数使用避孕套的单身女性的主要或部分动机。虽然已经开展并发表了大量关于年轻单身人群使用避孕套的研究，但已婚和同居人群的需求却被研究人员和项目工作人员忽视了，尽管在南部和东部非洲严重的艾滋病疫情中，超过一半的艾滋病毒感染发生在这一群体中。已婚夫妇采用避孕套的障碍可能并不像通常认为的那么严重。
