Schiltz L
Centre de Recherche Publique-Santé, département des neurosciences, Université du Luxembourg.
Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 2006(2):265-80.
A current tendency of research in clinical psychology consists in using an integrated quantitative and qualitative methodology. This approach is especially suited to the study of the therapeutic intervention where the researcher is himself part of the situation he is investigating. As to the tools of research, the combination of the semi-structured clinical interview, of psychometric scales and projective tests has proved to be pertinent to describe the multidimensional and fluctuating reality of the therapeutic relationship and the changes induced by it in the two partners. In arts therapeutic research the investigation of the artistic production or of the free expression of people may complete the psychometric and projective tools. The concept of "expressive test" is currently being used to characterise this method. In this context, the development of rating scales, based on the phenomenological and structural or holistic approach allows us making the link between qualitative analysis and quantification, leading to the use of inferential statistics, providing that we remain at the nominal or ordinal level of measurement. We are explaining the principle of construction of these rating scales and we are illustrating our practice with some examples drawn from studies we realized in clinical psychology.
临床心理学的当前研究趋势是采用定量与定性相结合的综合方法。这种方法特别适用于治疗干预研究，在该研究中，研究者自身就是其正在调查的情境的一部分。至于研究工具，半结构化临床访谈、心理测量量表和投射测验的结合已被证明适用于描述治疗关系的多维且波动的现实以及它在双方伙伴中引起的变化。在艺术治疗研究中，对艺术作品或人们自由表达的调查可以补充心理测量和投射工具。“表达性测验”这一概念目前正被用于描述这种方法。在这种背景下，基于现象学和结构或整体方法开发的评定量表，使我们能够在定性分析和量化之间建立联系，进而使用推论统计，前提是我们保持在名义或顺序测量水平。我们将解释这些评定量表的构建原则，并通过一些取自我们在临床心理学中开展的研究的例子来说明我们的实践。
