Sakorafas George H, Peros George, Cataliotti Luigi
Attikon University Hospital, 4th Department of Surgery, Athens University, Medical School, Arkadias 19-21, GR-11526, Athens, Greece.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2006 Nov;6(11):1629-38. doi: 10.1586/14737140.6.11.1629.
Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has a central role in the surgical management of breast cancer; however, it is associated with a potentially significant morbidity. Although post-ALND complications are often minor, in some cases they can persist for a long time following surgery, thereby affecting the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Seroma formation and altered sensation of the upper limb are the two most common complications following ALND. Lymphedema is the most common potentially severe long-term complication following ALND. Major post-ALND complications (such as injury or thrombosis of the axillary vein and injury to the motor nerves of the axilla) are extremely rare. Meticulous surgical technique and careful selection of patients for postoperative radiation therapy are mandatory to prevent significant morbidity following ALND. The introduction of the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy in clinical practice has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of post-ALND complications.
腋窝淋巴结清扫术（ALND）在乳腺癌的外科治疗中起着核心作用；然而，它可能会带来显著的发病率。虽然ALND术后并发症通常较轻，但在某些情况下，它们可能在手术后长期存在，从而影响乳腺癌幸存者的生活质量。血清肿形成和上肢感觉改变是ALND术后最常见的两种并发症。淋巴水肿是ALND术后最常见的潜在严重长期并发症。ALND术后的主要并发症（如腋静脉损伤或血栓形成以及腋窝运动神经损伤）极为罕见。为防止ALND术后出现严重的发病率，必须采用精细的手术技术并仔细挑选接受术后放射治疗的患者。前哨淋巴结活检技术在临床实践中的引入已使ALND术后并发症的发生率显著降低。
