Khandelwal S, Agnihotri N, Tandon S K
Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Mahatma-Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1991 May;29(2):157-64. doi: 10.1007/BF03032693.
Dose- and time-related effects of Cd (II) (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, Cd as CdCl2.H2O, subcutaneously, daily for 48 h, 1, 3, or 6 wk) were investigated in rats. A dose-related increase in the activity of plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) was evident only at 6 wk, whereas an early rise in ALP and LDH was seen at 3 wk in 1.0 mg Cd group only. The hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) induction displayed a dose- as well as time-related increase with Cd accumulation. A significant increase in hepatic Zn and renal Cu, no change in hepatic Cu, and a slight increase in renal Zn was observed. Urinary ALP and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) showed an initial increase at 48 h, thereafter returned to near normal. A second phase of enzymuria (ALP, LAP, GOT, GPT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), proteinuria, and aminoaciduria occurred at 6 wk in a dose-related manner. The urinary excretion of specific renal enzymes appeared closely related to the MT induction and organ Cd levels.
研究了镉（II）（0.5或1.0毫克/千克，以CdCl2·H2O形式的镉，皮下注射，每日一次，共48小时、1周、3周或6周）对大鼠的剂量和时间相关影响。仅在6周时，血浆碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（GOT）和丙氨酸转氨酶（GPT）活性呈剂量相关增加，而仅在1.0毫克镉组的3周时观察到ALP和LDH早期升高。肝脏和肾脏金属硫蛋白（MT）的诱导随着镉的积累呈现剂量和时间相关的增加。观察到肝脏锌显著增加、肾脏铜增加、肝脏铜无变化以及肾脏锌略有增加。尿ALP和亮氨酸氨肽酶（LAP）在48小时时最初增加，此后恢复到接近正常水平。在6周时出现了第二阶段的酶尿（ALP、LAP、GOT、GPT、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶）、蛋白尿和氨基酸尿，且呈剂量相关。特定肾脏酶的尿排泄似乎与MT诱导和器官镉水平密切相关。
