Manson Neil A, Goldberg Edward J, Andersson Gunnar B J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Suite 1063, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2006 Oct;37(4):549-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2006.08.001.
Sexual dimorphism is evident during formation, growth, and development of the spine. Pregnancy alters spine physiology and is a risk factor for back pain. The processes of aging and spinal degeneration adversely affect men and women slightly differently. Although degenerative changes are observed at similar rates in both sexes, women seem to be more susceptible to degenerative changes leading to instability and malalignment, structural deterioration, such a stenosis or disc degeneration. Surgical satisfaction is greater in men, which has been attributed to poorer preoperative function secondary to more advanced disease at time of surgery and lower patient expectations for clinical improvement, both observed in women.
脊柱的形成、生长和发育过程中存在明显的性别差异。怀孕会改变脊柱生理，是背痛的一个风险因素。衰老和脊柱退变过程对男性和女性的不利影响略有不同。尽管两性的退变变化速率相似，但女性似乎更容易出现导致不稳定和排列不齐、结构恶化（如椎管狭窄或椎间盘退变）的退变变化。男性的手术满意度更高，这归因于女性在手术时疾病更严重导致术前功能较差，以及患者对临床改善的期望较低。
