Feingold David, Hame Sharon L
Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The David Geffen University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2006 Oct;37(4):575-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2006.09.005.
Stress fractures are a common occurrence in athletes, and the incidence of stress fractures in female Division 1 collegiate athletes is double that of men. Hormonal influences on bone and bone morphology may influence the risk for fracture. A high level of suspicion and special imaging procedures allow for accurate diagnosis of these fractures. In stress fractures that are associated with the female athlete triad, addressing the three aspects of the triad--eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis--are critical for successful treatment. Preparticipation screening for the presence of signs of the female athlete triad by monitoring weight, energy level, menstrual cycles, and bone mineral density may help to prevent the occurrence of stress fractures in this population.
应力性骨折在运动员中很常见，美国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级联赛的女运动员应力性骨折的发生率是男性的两倍。激素对骨骼和骨形态的影响可能会影响骨折风险。高度怀疑和采用特殊的成像检查有助于准确诊断这些骨折。对于与女性运动员三联征相关的应力性骨折，解决三联征的三个方面——饮食失调、闭经和骨质疏松症——对于成功治疗至关重要。通过监测体重、能量水平、月经周期和骨密度对应参与女性运动员三联征迹象进行筛查，可能有助于预防该人群应力性骨折的发生。
