Miller Carly, Newton Sarah E
Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA.
Pain Manag Nurs. 2006 Dec;7(4):148-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2006.09.004.
There are differences between males and females regarding the perception, expression, and tolerance of pain that stems from a variety of social and psychologic influences. Personal self-efficacy and lifespan socialization are two such influences, and they provide new dimensions for nurses to better understand the pain experience. This article will present a review of the literature regarding personal self-efficacy and lifespan socialization and their effects on pain perception and expression among males and females. Finally, nursing implications related to the topic will be discussed.
由于多种社会和心理影响，男性和女性在疼痛的感知、表达和耐受性方面存在差异。个人自我效能感和终生社会化就是这样两种影响因素，它们为护士更好地理解疼痛体验提供了新的维度。本文将对有关个人自我效能感和终生社会化及其对男性和女性疼痛感知与表达影响的文献进行综述。最后，将讨论与该主题相关的护理启示。
