Gutiérrez García José Manuel
Department of Medicine History, Faculty of Medicine, Associació Catalana d'Història de la Veterinària (ACHV), Univeritat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Vet Herit. 2006 May;29(1):25-7.
If we consult current treatises that address tuberculosis infection by Mycobacterium bovis, we find that they neglect meat or accord it very little importance as a vector of transmission of tuberculosis to humans. However, several decades ago, the books of Veterinary Inspection concerning food dedicated numerous pages to tuberculosis in meat and the seizure of consumptive animals. The criteria or attitudes concerning meat from tuberculosis-infected animals have fluctuated over time, from rigorous extremes that, on one hand, required the seizure and destruction of the food products obtained from infected animals from a strictly hygienic measure, to other more practical considerations applying economic arguments, and which accepted the conditional use of these products due to the universal shortage of animal proteins. Consequently, the use or non-use of meat from animals infected with tuberculosis became one of the questions that prompted the greatest concern amongst researches and technicians. It is for these reasons that this paper addresses the history of meat as a vehicle of zoonotic transmission, highlighting its importance and repercussions on health inspections of meat in abattoirs.
如果我们查阅当前论述牛分枝杆菌引起的结核病感染的专著，就会发现它们忽视了肉类，或者认为肉类作为结核病向人类传播的载体重要性很低。然而，几十年前，有关食品的兽医检验书籍用了很多篇幅论述肉类中的结核病以及对患结核病动物的查封。关于来自结核病感染动物的肉类的标准或态度随时间波动，从一方面基于严格卫生措施要求查封和销毁从感染动物获得的食品的极端严格态度，到运用经济论据的其他更实际的考量，后者因动物蛋白普遍短缺而接受有条件地使用这些产品。因此，是否使用感染结核病动物的肉类成为研究人员和技术人员最为关注的问题之一。正是出于这些原因，本文论述了肉类作为人畜共患病传播载体的历史，强调其对屠宰场肉类卫生检查的重要性和影响。
