Linos Eleni, Holmes Michelle D, Willett Walter C
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2007 Jan;9(1):31-41. doi: 10.1007/BF02951423.
Clarification of the role of diet in breast cancer pathogenesis is important in order to identify modifiable risk factors on which to focus prevention efforts. Excess weight and weight gain in adult life are related to higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, and weight loss after menopause is associated with substantially reduced risk. Even moderate alcohol consumption contributes considerably to excess breast cancer risk, which can likely be mitigated with adequate folate intake. Diet during early life may play a substantial role in later cancer risk, but data are limited. In addition, physical activity and the prevention of weight gain can improve survival after a breast cancer diagnosis.
明确饮食在乳腺癌发病机制中的作用对于确定可改变的风险因素至关重要，以便将预防工作重点放在这些因素上。成年后体重超标和体重增加与绝经后乳腺癌风险较高相关，而绝经后体重减轻则与风险大幅降低有关。即使是适度饮酒也会显著增加乳腺癌风险，而充足的叶酸摄入可能会减轻这种风险。早年的饮食可能在后期患癌风险中起重要作用，但相关数据有限。此外，身体活动和预防体重增加可改善乳腺癌诊断后的生存率。
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