Najam-ul-Haq M, Rainer M, Szabó Z, Vallant R, Huck C W, Bonn G K
Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 52a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
J Biochem Biophys Methods. 2007 Mar 10;70(2):319-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.11.004. Epub 2006 Nov 15.
At present, carbon nano-materials are being utilized in various procedures, especially in laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) for analyzing a range of analytes, which include peptides, proteins, metabolites, and polymers. Matrix-oriented LDI-MS techniques are very well established, with weak organic acids as energy-absorbing substances. Carbon materials, such as nano-tubes and fullerenes are being successfully applied in the small-mass range, where routine matrices have strong background signals. In addition, the role of carbon nano-materials is very well established in the fractionation and purification fields. Modified diamond powder and surfaces are utilized in binding peptides and proteins from complex biological fluids and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Polylysine-coated diamond is used for solid-phase extraction to pre-concentrate DNA oligonucleotides. Graphite is useful for desalting, pre-concentration, and as energy-absorbing material (matrix) in desorption/ionization. Carbon nano-tubes in their different derivatized forms are used as matrix materials for the analysis of a range of analytes, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides, proteins, and some environmental samples by LDI-MS. Fullerenes are modified in different ways to bind serum entities analyzed through MALDI/TOF-MS and are subsequently utilized in their identifications. In addition, the fullerenes are a promising matrix in LDI-MS, but improvements are needed.
目前，碳纳米材料正被应用于各种程序中，尤其是在激光解吸/电离质谱（LDI-MS）中用于分析一系列分析物，这些分析物包括肽、蛋白质、代谢物和聚合物。以基质为导向的LDI-MS技术已经非常成熟，使用弱有机酸作为能量吸收物质。碳材料，如纳米管和富勒烯，正成功应用于小质量范围，在该范围内常规基质具有很强的背景信号。此外，碳纳米材料在分级分离和纯化领域的作用也已得到充分确立。改性金刚石粉末和表面被用于从复杂生物流体中结合肽和蛋白质，并通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离（MALDI）飞行时间（TOF）质谱（MS）进行分析。聚赖氨酸包被的金刚石用于固相萃取以预浓缩DNA寡核苷酸。石墨可用于脱盐、预浓缩，以及作为解吸/电离中的能量吸收材料（基质）。不同衍生形式的碳纳米管被用作基质材料，通过LDI-MS分析一系列分析物，如碳水化合物、氨基酸、肽、蛋白质和一些环境样品。富勒烯以不同方式进行改性，以结合通过MALDI/TOF-MS分析的血清实体，并随后用于其鉴定。此外，富勒烯在LDI-MS中是一种有前景的基质，但仍需改进。
