Tsolakis Charilaos K, Bogdanis Gregory C, Vagenas George K, Dessypris Athanasios G
Department of Sports Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Nov;20(4):908-14. doi: 10.1519/R-17385.1.
This study examined the effects of a typical fencing training program on selected hormones, neuromuscular performance, and anthropometric parameters in peripubertal boys. Two sets of measurements, before training and after 12 months of training, were performed on 2 groups of 11- to 13-year-old boys. One group consisted of fencers (n = 8), who trained regularly for the 12-month period, and the other group (n = 8) consisted of inactive children of the same age. There was no difference in Tanner's maturation stage of the 2 groups before (controls, 2.5 +/- 0.3; fencers, 2.1 +/- 0.3) and after the 12 months (controls, 3.0 +/- 0.3; fencers, 3.0 +/- 0.3). Serum testosterone, growth hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, free androgen index, and leptin changed significantly over time, reaching similar values in the 2 groups at the end of the study. Significantly greater increases in body mass (16 +/- 3%) and leg cross-sectional area (CSA) (32 +/- 7%) were observed only in the fencers' group, and these differences disappeared when height was set as a changing covariate. Although there was a greater increase in height for the fencers compared to the control group (8.6 +/- 1.2 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.9 cm, p < 0.01), the height reached at the end of the study was almost identical in the 2 groups (controls, 163.6 +/- 5.1; fencers, 165.4 +/- 2.8). Arm CSA, handgrip strength, and vertical jump performance changed significantly over time for both groups, with no differences between groups. It was concluded that a typical fencing training program for peripubertal boys did not have any effect on selected growth and anabolic hormones and did not influence the normal growth process, as this was reflected by changes in selected anthropometric and neuromuscular performance parameters. This may be because of the characteristics of the present fencing training program, which may not be adequate to alter children's hormonal functions in such a way as to override the rapid changes occurring during puberty.
本研究调查了一项典型的击剑训练计划对青春期前男孩特定激素、神经肌肉性能和人体测量参数的影响。对两组11至13岁的男孩进行了两组测量，一组在训练前，另一组在训练12个月后。一组由击剑运动员组成（n = 8），他们在12个月的时间里定期训练，另一组（n = 8）由同龄的不活跃儿童组成。两组在12个月前后坦纳成熟阶段没有差异（对照组，2.5±0.3；击剑运动员组，2.1±0.3）以及12个月后（对照组，3.0±0.3；击剑运动员组，3.0±0.3）。血清睾酮、生长激素、性激素结合球蛋白、游离雄激素指数和瘦素随时间显著变化，在研究结束时两组达到相似值。仅在击剑运动员组中观察到体重（16±3%）和腿部横截面积（CSA）（32±7%）显著增加，当将身高作为变化的协变量时，这些差异消失。尽管与对照组相比，击剑运动员组的身高增加更多（8.6±1.2 vs. 3.6±0.9厘米，p < 0.01），但研究结束时两组达到的身高几乎相同（对照组，163.6±5.1；击剑运动员组，165.4±2.8）。两组的手臂CSA、握力和垂直跳跃性能随时间均有显著变化，组间无差异。研究得出结论，针对青春期前男孩的典型击剑训练计划对特定的生长和合成代谢激素没有任何影响，也不影响正常生长过程，这一点通过选定的人体测量和神经肌肉性能参数的变化得以体现。这可能是由于当前击剑训练计划的特点，其可能不足以改变儿童的激素功能，从而无法超越青春期发生的快速变化。
