Deplazes P, Eckert J, Pawlowski Z S, Machowska L, Gottstein B
Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991 May-Jun;85(3):391-6. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(91)90302-f.
An immunodiagnostic sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of soluble Taenia saginata antigens in stool samples (copro-antigens) of infected humans, using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies obtained from rabbits hyperimmunized with excretory/secretory antigens derived from T. saginata maintained in vitro. Investigation of operating characteristics showed very low cross-reactivity with crude antigens from helminths other than Taenia, including Dipylidium caninum and Diphyllobothrium latum. The specificity of the assay was 95% when testing stool samples from 100 persons who were either infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworms, Enterobius vermicularis or Hymenolepis nana, or who had no intestinal helminthosis detected. Analysis of diagnostic sensitivity demonstrated that in 85% of 34 samples from 23 untreated persons with intestinal T. saginata infection (selected by previous proglottid and/or egg detection) copro-antigens were detected by the T. saginata ELISA. In the same samples, Taenia eggs were detected in 62%. Only 41% of the samples reacted positively in a heterologous T. hydatigena ELISA. Post-treatment control revealed a high concentration of T. saginata copro-antigens for 1-4 d after administration of niclosamide or praziquantel, and negative values 9-17 d after treatment. The Taenia copro-antigens remained detectable by ELISA even after storage of untreated faeces at 25 degrees C for at least 5 d.
开发了一种免疫诊断夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA），用于检测受感染人类粪便样本（粪抗原）中的可溶性牛带绦虫抗原，该方法使用从用体外培养的牛带绦虫排泄/分泌抗原超免疫的兔子获得的亲和纯化多克隆抗体。操作特性研究表明，该方法与除牛带绦虫外的其他蠕虫（包括犬复孔绦虫和阔节裂头绦虫）的粗抗原交叉反应性非常低。在对100名感染蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫、蛲虫或微小膜壳绦虫或未检测到肠道蠕虫病的人的粪便样本进行检测时，该测定法的特异性为95%。诊断敏感性分析表明，在23名未经治疗的肠道牛带绦虫感染患者（通过先前的节片和/或虫卵检测选定）的34份样本中，85%的样本通过牛带绦虫ELISA检测到粪抗原。在相同样本中，62%的样本检测到牛带绦虫虫卵。在异源泡状带绦虫ELISA中，只有41%的样本呈阳性反应。治疗后对照显示，服用氯硝柳胺或吡喹酮后1 - 4天牛带绦虫粪抗原浓度较高，治疗后9 - 17天为阴性值。即使未处理的粪便在25℃下储存至少5天，ELISA仍可检测到牛带绦虫粪抗原。
