Tembo A, Craig P S
Natural Resources Development College,PO Box 310099,Lusaka,Zambia.
Cestode Zoonoses Research Group, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford,SalfordM54WT,UK.
J Helminthol. 2015 Sep;89(5):612-9. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X14000455. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
Human taeniosis due to Taenia saginata is cosmopolitan where beef is consumed; however, there is little or no information on the symptomatology over the early time-course of human infection. Copro-antigen detection is very useful in community screening for human taeniosis, particularly for T. solium, but there are no data on copro-antigen detection in pre-patent infection. In order to provide insight into this, a voluntary self-infection with T. saginata was undertaken and monitored over a 6-month period using a copro-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that we developed using anti-T. saginata antibody based reagents. Tapeworm patency, defined as first proglottid appearance, occurred on day 86 post-infection (pi) and was followed by almost daily release of proglottids (range 1-8) until termination using praziquantel on day 180 pi. The first 10 weeks post-infection (wpi) were essentially asymptomatic, followed by main symptoms of involuntary proglottid discharge throughout the infection period, and abdominal discomfort peaking around 15-19 wpi. Copro-antigens could not be reliably detected until 2 weeks before proglottid patency but then remained highly elevated over the next 15 weeks until treatment. Copro-antigen levels reverted to negative 4 days post-treatment. This time-course study suggests that although copro-antigen ELISA is an excellent diagnostic tool for established patent infections of T. saginata, it may not be reliable for faecal antigen detection in the early infection phase prior to proglottid release for T. saginata and other human taenioses.
由于牛带绦虫导致的人体牛带绦虫病在食用牛肉的世界各地均有发生；然而，关于人类感染早期病程的症状学信息很少或几乎没有。粪便抗原检测在社区筛查人体牛带绦虫病，特别是猪带绦虫病时非常有用，但关于潜伏期感染粪便抗原检测的数据尚无。为了深入了解这一点，进行了一次自愿性自我感染牛带绦虫的实验，并使用我们开发的基于抗牛带绦虫抗体试剂的粪便抗原酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）在6个月期间进行监测。绦虫排虫期，定义为首次出现孕节，在感染后第86天（pi）出现，随后几乎每天都有孕节排出（范围为1 - 8个），直到在感染后第180天使用吡喹酮终止实验。感染后的前10周（wpi）基本无症状，随后在整个感染期主要症状为不由自主地排出孕节，以及在15 - 19 wpi左右达到高峰的腹部不适。在孕节出现前2周之前无法可靠检测到粪便抗原，但在接下来的15周内一直保持高度升高，直到治疗。治疗后4天粪便抗原水平恢复为阴性。这项时间进程研究表明，尽管粪便抗原ELISA是诊断牛带绦虫已确诊显性感染的优秀工具，但对于牛带绦虫和其他人体绦虫病在孕节排出前的早期感染阶段粪便抗原检测可能不可靠。
