Wenger Michael J, Rasche Christoph
Department of Psychology, 620 Moore Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Aug;13(4):656-61. doi: 10.3758/bf03193977.
Contemporary theoretical accounts of perceptual learning typically assume that observers are either unbiased or stably biased across the course of learning. However, standard methods for estimating thresholds, as they are typically used, do not allow this assumption to be tested. We present an approach that allows for this test specific to perceptual learning for contrast detection. We show that reliable decreases in detection thresholds and increases in hit rates are not uniformly accompanied by reliable increases in sensitivity (d'), but are regularly accompanied by reliable liberal shifts in response criteria (c). In addition, we estimate the extent to which sensitivity could have increased in the absence of these liberal shifts. The results pose a challenge to the assumption that perceptual learning has limited or no impact on response criteria.
当代关于知觉学习的理论描述通常假定，观察者在学习过程中要么没有偏差，要么存在稳定的偏差。然而，通常所使用的估计阈值的标准方法并不允许对这一假设进行检验。我们提出了一种针对对比度检测的知觉学习的特定检验方法。我们发现，检测阈值的可靠降低和命中率的提高并非始终伴随着灵敏度（d'）的可靠增加，而是经常伴随着反应标准（c）的可靠放宽。此外，我们估计了在没有这些放宽的情况下灵敏度可能增加的程度。这些结果对知觉学习对反应标准影响有限或没有影响这一假设提出了挑战。
