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消极偏向在老年人中消失:与评价分类相关的事件相关脑电位随年龄增长而降低。

The negativity bias is eliminated in older adults: age-related reduction in event-related brain potentials associated with evaluative categorization.

作者信息

Wood Stacey, Kisley Michael A

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA.

出版信息

Psychol Aging. 2006 Dec;21(4):815-20. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.815.

Abstract

Studies of younger adults have found that negative information has a stronger influence than positive information across a wide range of domains. T. A. Ito, J. T. Larsen, N. K. Smith, and J. T. Cacioppo (1998) reported that during evaluative categorization, extreme negative images produced greater brain activity than did equally extreme positive images in younger adults. Older adults have been reported to optimize affect and attend less to negative information. In this article, the negativity bias was examined in 20 older versus 20 younger adults during evaluative categorization, with a focus on brain activity occurring roughly 500 ms after presentation of visual stimuli. Results demonstrated a significant decrease in brain activity to both positive and negative stimuli (p < .05) and an elimination of the negativity bias in older adults.

摘要

针对年轻人的研究发现,在广泛的领域中,负面信息比正面信息具有更强的影响力。T. A. 伊藤、J. T. 拉森、N. K. 史密斯和J. T. 卡乔波(1998年)报告称,在评估分类过程中,与同样极端的正面图像相比,极端负面图像在年轻人中产生的大脑活动更强烈。据报道,老年人会优化情绪,较少关注负面信息。在本文中,研究人员在评估分类过程中对20名老年人和20名年轻人的消极偏见进行了研究,重点关注视觉刺激呈现后约500毫秒时发生的大脑活动。结果表明,老年人对正面和负面刺激的大脑活动均显著减少(p < 0.05),并且消极偏见消失。

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