Maner Jon K, DeWall C Nathan, Baumeister Roy F, Schaller Mark
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jan;92(1):42-55. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.42.
Evidence from 6 experiments supports the social reconnection hypothesis, which posits that the experience of social exclusion increases the motivation to forge social bonds with new sources of potential affiliation. Threat of social exclusion led participants to express greater interest in making new friends, to increase their desire to work with others, to form more positive impressions of novel social targets, and to assign greater rewards to new interaction partners. Findings also suggest potential boundary conditions to the social reconnection hypothesis. Excluded individuals did not seem to seek reconnection with the specific perpetrators of exclusion or with novel partners with whom no face-to-face interaction was anticipated. Furthermore, fear of negative evaluation moderated responses to exclusion such that participants low in fear of negative evaluation responded to new interaction partners in an affiliative fashion, whereas participants high in fear of negative evaluation did not.
六项实验的证据支持了社会重新联结假说，该假说认为，社会排斥的经历会增加与新的潜在归属来源建立社会联系的动机。社会排斥的威胁使参与者表现出对结交新朋友更浓厚的兴趣，增强了他们与他人合作的愿望，对新的社会对象形成更积极的印象，并给予新的互动伙伴更多奖励。研究结果还表明了社会重新联结假说的潜在边界条件。被排斥的个体似乎并不寻求与具体的排斥者重新建立联系，也不寻求与预期不会进行面对面互动的新伙伴重新建立联系。此外，对负面评价的恐惧调节了对排斥的反应，以至于对负面评价恐惧程度低的参与者以亲和的方式回应新的互动伙伴，而对负面评价恐惧程度高的参与者则不然。
