Sperling Anne J, Lu Zhong-Lin, Manis Franklin R, Seidenberg Mark S
Georgetown University Medical Center, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2006 Dec;17(12):1047-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01825.x.
We tested the hypothesis that deficits on sensory-processing tasks frequently associated with poor reading and dyslexia are the result of impairments in external-noise exclusion, rather than motion perception or magnocellular processing. We compared the motion-direction discrimination thresholds of adults and children with good or poor reading performance, using coherent-motion displays embedded in external noise. Both adults and children who were poor readers had higher thresholds than their respective peers in the presence of high external noise, but not in the presence of low external noise or when the signal was clearly demarcated. Adults' performance in high external noise correlated with their general reading ability, whereas children's performance correlated with their language and verbal abilities. The results support the hypothesis that noise-exclusion deficits impair reading and language development and suggest that the impact of such deficits on the development of reading skills changes with age.
在经常与阅读能力差和诵读困难相关的感觉处理任务中出现的缺陷是外部噪声排除受损的结果，而非运动感知或大细胞处理受损。我们使用嵌入外部噪声中的连贯运动显示，比较了阅读表现好或差的成人和儿童的运动方向辨别阈值。在高外部噪声存在的情况下，阅读能力差的成人和儿童的阈值均高于各自的同龄人，但在低外部噪声存在时或信号清晰划分时则不然。成人在高外部噪声中的表现与其一般阅读能力相关，而儿童的表现与其语言和言语能力相关。结果支持了这样的假设，即噪声排除缺陷会损害阅读和语言发展，并表明此类缺陷对阅读技能发展的影响会随着年龄而变化。
