Hampson Sarah E, Goldberg Lewis R, Vogt Thomas M, Dubanoski Joan P
Department of Psychology, School of Human Science, University of Surrey and Oregon Research Institute, Guilford, United Kingdom.
Health Psychol. 2007 Jan;26(1):121-5. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.26.1.121.
The purpose of this study was to test a life span health behavior model in which educational attainment and health behaviors (eating habits, smoking, and physical activity) were hypothesized as mechanisms to account for relations between teacher ratings of childhood personality traits and self-reported health status at midlife.
The model was tested on 1,054 members of the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort, which is a population-based cohort participating in a longitudinal study of personality and health spanning 40 years from childhood to midlife.
Childhood Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Intellect-Imagination influenced adult health status indirectly through educational attainment, healthy eating habits, and smoking. Several direct effects of childhood traits on health behaviors and health status were also observed.
The model extends past associations found between personality traits and health behaviors or health status by identifying a life-course pathway based on the health behavior model through which early childhood traits influence adult health status. The additional direct effects of personality traits indicate that health behavior mechanisms may not provide a complete account of relations between personality and health.
本研究旨在检验一个寿命期健康行为模型，在该模型中，教育程度和健康行为（饮食习惯、吸烟和体育活动）被假定为解释儿童期人格特质的教师评分与中年时自我报告的健康状况之间关系的机制。
该模型在夏威夷人格与健康队列的1054名成员身上进行了测试，这是一个基于人群的队列，参与了一项从儿童期到中年为期40年的人格与健康纵向研究。
儿童期的宜人性、尽责性和智力-想象力通过教育程度、健康的饮食习惯和吸烟间接影响成人健康状况。还观察到儿童期特质对健康行为和健康状况的一些直接影响。
该模型通过基于健康行为模型确定一个生命历程路径，扩展了过去在人格特质与健康行为或健康状况之间发现的关联，通过该路径幼儿期特质影响成人健康状况。人格特质的额外直接影响表明，健康行为机制可能无法完全解释人格与健康之间的关系。
