Su Chwen-Yng, Lin Yueh-Hsien, Wu Yuh-Yih, Chen Ching-Chiang
School of Occupational Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
Res Dev Disabil. 2008 Jan-Feb;29(1):83-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2006.12.001. Epub 2007 Jan 8.
Few studies have specifically investigated the cognitive correlates of employment for persons with mental retardation. To evaluate the relationship of cognitive and adaptive functioning to work status, 56 competitively employed and 55 unemployed individuals with mental retardation underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological and adaptive behavioral evaluation. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) revealed significant group differences in cognitive and adaptive behavioral domains controlling for gender and severity of mental retardation. Follow-up ANCOVAs showed that the employed group performed significantly better than the unemployed group on measures of attention, memory, verbal comprehension, visual perception, and adaptive behavior. Using discriminant function analysis, 73.2 percent of the employed and 76.4 percent of the unemployed people were predicted correctly. These results suggest that adaptive behavior and specific aspects of cognitive functioning are significant predictors of successful employment for persons with mental retardation.
很少有研究专门调查智力迟钝者就业的认知相关因素。为了评估认知和适应性功能与工作状态之间的关系，56名智力迟钝的竞争性就业者和55名失业者接受了全面的神经心理学和适应性行为评估。多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）结果显示，在控制性别和智力迟钝严重程度的情况下，认知和适应性行为领域存在显著的组间差异。后续的协方差分析表明，就业组在注意力、记忆力、语言理解、视觉感知和适应性行为测量方面的表现明显优于失业组。使用判别函数分析，73.2%的就业者和76.4%的失业者被正确预测。这些结果表明，适应性行为和认知功能的特定方面是智力迟钝者成功就业的重要预测因素。
