Kesavalu Lakshmyya, Sathishkumar Sabapathi, Bakthavatchalu Vasudevan, Matthews Chad, Dawson Dolph, Steffen Michelle, Ebersole Jeffrey L
Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Infect Immun. 2007 Apr;75(4):1704-12. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00733-06. Epub 2007 Jan 8.
One of the predominant polymicrobial infections of humans is expressed clinically as periodontal disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia have been strongly implicated as members of a pathogenic consortium in the etiology of adult periodontitis. In this study we hypothesized that P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia are synergistic in terms of virulence potential and induce chronic periodontal inflammation that leads to alveolar bone resorption in a polymicrobial infection in rats. Groups of rats were infected with either P. gingivalis, T. denticola, or T. forsythia in monomicrobial infections or with all three species in polymicrobial oral infections with or without Fusobacterium nucleatum. PCR analyses of oral microbial samples demonstrated that rats infected with one bacterium were orally colonized by each of the bacteria during the study interval, and increased serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels substantiated the interaction of the host with the infecting bacteria. PCR analyses of the rats with polymicrobial infections demonstrated that most rats were infected with P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia as a consortium. Furthermore, all rats exhibited a significant increase in the level of IgG antibody to the polymicrobial consortium. Radiographic measurement of alveolar bone resorption showed that rats infected with the polymicrobial consortium with or without F. nucleatum exhibited significantly increased alveolar bone resorption compared to the resorption in uninfected control rats, as well as the resorption in rats infected with one of the microbes. These results documented that P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia not only exist as a consortium that is associated with chronic periodontitis but also exhibit synergistic virulence resulting in the immunoinflammatory bone resorption characteristic of periodontitis.
人类主要的多种微生物感染之一在临床上表现为牙周病。牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌和福赛坦纳菌被强烈认为是成人牙周炎病因中致病菌群的成员。在本研究中，我们假设牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌和福赛坦纳菌在毒力潜能方面具有协同作用，并在大鼠的多种微生物感染中引发导致牙槽骨吸收的慢性牙周炎症。将大鼠分组，分别进行牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌或福赛坦纳菌的单微生物感染，或进行包含这三种菌的多种微生物口腔感染（有无具核梭杆菌）。对口腔微生物样本的PCR分析表明，在研究期间，感染一种细菌的大鼠口腔中均被每种细菌定植，血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体水平升高证实了宿主与感染细菌之间的相互作用。对多种微生物感染大鼠的PCR分析表明，大多数大鼠感染的是作为一个菌群的牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌和福赛坦纳菌。此外，所有大鼠针对多种微生物菌群的IgG抗体水平均显著升高。牙槽骨吸收的影像学测量显示，与未感染的对照大鼠以及感染其中一种微生物的大鼠相比，感染包含或不包含具核梭杆菌的多种微生物菌群的大鼠牙槽骨吸收显著增加。这些结果证明，牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌和福赛坦纳菌不仅作为与慢性牙周炎相关的菌群存在，而且还表现出协同毒力，导致牙周炎特有的免疫炎症性骨吸收。
