Meinck H M
Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg.
Nervenarzt. 2007 Feb;78(2):209-21; quiz 222-3. doi: 10.1007/s00115-006-2201-0.
Myoclonus, an involuntary movement disorder reveals itself with a wide variety of short muscle twitches or jerks, and may cause severe disability. From a clinical perspective, it is sometimes difficult to discriminate myoclonus from other central movement disorders. Moreover, myoclonus has a spectrum of causes including rare neurological syndromes and uncommon manifestations of systemic disease. Its pathogenesis is only partially understood. Neurophysiologic investigations suggest a close relationship between certain types of myoclonic jerking and epilepsy. The use of anticonvulsants for treatment of myoclonus has its basis in such observations and empirical evidence. Often high doses or a combination of drugs, or both are required, with, however, serious side effects.
肌阵挛是一种不自主运动障碍,表现为各种各样的短暂肌肉抽搐或痉挛,可能导致严重残疾。从临床角度来看,有时很难将肌阵挛与其他中枢性运动障碍区分开来。此外,肌阵挛有一系列病因,包括罕见的神经综合征和全身性疾病的不常见表现。其发病机制仅部分为人所知。神经生理学研究表明,某些类型的肌阵挛抽搐与癫痫之间存在密切关系。基于此类观察结果和经验证据,抗惊厥药物被用于治疗肌阵挛。通常需要高剂量或联合用药,或者两者兼用,但会有严重的副作用。