Speizer Ilene S
Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2006 Dec;32(4):185-91. doi: 10.1363/3218506.
Use of unmet need for family planning to identify prospective clients may misrepresent the actual family planning needs of a population, given that a large proportion of women have ambivalent fertility desires.
Survey data for 1998 and 2003 from Burkina Faso, Ghana and Kenya were used to examine the fertility desires and motivations of women who said they wanted to delay or limit childbearing. A question on how much of a problem it would be if women found out they were pregnant in the next few weeks measured the strength of their fertility motivations.
In Burkina Faso and Ghana, about a quarter of women who said they wanted to delay or limit childbearing also reported that it would be no problem or a small problem if they became pregnant soon. This response pattern was equally common among contraceptive users and nonusers. In Kenya, more than four in 10 women gave such ambivalent responses. Among women with an unmet need for means of delaying or limiting childbearing, 16-31% of those in Burkina Faso and Ghana, and 30-56% of those in Kenya, said that getting pregnant in the next few weeks would be no problem or a small problem.
It is critical to consider the strength of fertility motivations when determining which women have family planning needs. Targeting women who are the most motivated to avoid childbearing will likely have the greatest impact on reducing unintended pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa.
鉴于很大一部分女性的生育意愿矛盾，利用未满足的计划生育需求来确定潜在客户可能会误判人群的实际计划生育需求。
使用布基纳法索、加纳和肯尼亚1998年和2003年的调查数据，研究表示希望推迟或限制生育的女性的生育意愿和动机。一个关于如果女性在接下来几周内发现自己怀孕会有多大问题的问题衡量了她们生育动机的强度。
在布基纳法索和加纳，约四分之一表示希望推迟或限制生育的女性还报告称，如果她们很快怀孕，这将不是问题或只是个小问题。这种回答模式在避孕药具使用者和非使用者中同样常见。在肯尼亚，超过十分之四的女性给出了这种矛盾的回答。在有推迟或限制生育手段未满足需求的女性中，布基纳法索和加纳有16% - 31%的女性，肯尼亚有30% - 56%的女性表示在接下来几周内怀孕将不是问题或只是个小问题。
在确定哪些女性有计划生育需求时，考虑生育动机的强度至关重要。针对最有动机避免生育的女性进行干预可能对减少撒哈拉以南非洲意外怀孕产生最大影响。
