Maddah Mohsen, Mohtasham-Amiri Zahra, Rashidi Arash, Karandish Majid
Department of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences and Health services, Rasht, Iran.
Matern Child Nutr. 2007 Jan;3(1):52-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2007.00065.x.
This study determined the relationship between anthropometric status of 3-5-year-old urban children and theirs mothers' educational levels and employment status in Rasht City, northern Iran. A total of 1319 children (638 girls and 681 boys) at the ages of 3 and 6 years in all day-care centres in Rasht City were studied, using a cross-sectional design. Height and weight of the children were measured, and data on mothers' educational levels, employment status and duration of any breastfeeding were collected. Height for age, weight for age and weight for height of the children were compared with the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference population of the United States, and z-values <or=-2 were considered as stunted, underweight and wasted, respectively. The data showed that the prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight were 8.6%, 8.0% and 7.1%, respectively. Our findings indicated that children of both less educated mothers (<5 years of schooling, OR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.54-4.87) and college-educated mothers (>12 years of schooling, OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.08-2.4) had higher relative risk for underweight than children of mothers with an intermediate level of education (5-12 years of schooling). Children of mothers with college education were also more at risk for development of stunting (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.14-4.22). In addition, children of employed mothers were more likely to be underweight (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.05-2.31), stunted (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.21-6.35) and wasted (OR = 3.35; 95% CI: 1.21-5.58) than children of non-employed mothers. The relative risk for undernutrition was higher in the children of both less and highly educated mothers compared with children of mothers with an intermediate level of education. Mothers' employment was also negatively related to nutritional status of these children in day-care centres in Rasht City.
本研究确定了伊朗北部拉什特市3至5岁城市儿童的人体测量状况与其母亲的教育水平和就业状况之间的关系。采用横断面设计，对拉什特市所有日托中心的1319名3至6岁儿童（638名女孩和681名男孩）进行了研究。测量了儿童的身高和体重，并收集了有关母亲教育水平、就业状况和任何母乳喂养持续时间的数据。将儿童的年龄别身高、年龄别体重和身高别体重与美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的参考人群进行比较，z值≤ -2分别被视为发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦。数据显示，发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足的患病率分别为8.6%、8.0%和7.1%。我们的研究结果表明，母亲受教育程度较低（ schooling, OR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.54 - 4.87）和受过大学教育（>12年 schooling, OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.08 - 2.4）的儿童比母亲教育水平中等（5 - 12年 schooling）的儿童体重不足的相对风险更高。受过大学教育的母亲的孩子发育迟缓的风险也更高（OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.14 - 4.22）。此外，与未就业母亲的孩子相比，就业母亲的孩子体重不足（OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.05 - 2.31）、发育迟缓（OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.21 - 6.35）和消瘦（OR = 3.35; 95% CI: 1.21 - 5.58）的可能性更大。与母亲教育水平中等的儿童相比，受教育程度低和高的母亲的孩子营养不良的相对风险更高。在拉什特市的日托中心，母亲的就业也与这些儿童的营养状况呈负相关。 （注：原文中“<5 years of schooling”和“>12 years of schooling”以及“5 - 12 years of schooling”中的“schooling”翻译为“受教育年限”更合适，但按照要求未添加解释，直接翻译为“ schooling” ）
