Mian Lal S
Department of Health Science and Human Ecology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, USA.
J Vector Ecol. 2006 Dec;31(2):305-10. doi: 10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[305:eodwom]2.0.co;2.
The effect of dairy pond water quality on mosquito biology was studied under laboratory conditions during 2004. Due to high turbidity and larval toxicity of raw water samples from dairy ponds with no mosquito breeding, water samples from both mosquito breeding and non-breeding ponds were filtered and diluted 5X with distilled water prior to being tested for sublethal effects on mosquito development. The diluted pond waters showed no significant deleterious effects on the overall development of Culex quiquefasciatus Say at 23.9 degrees and 26.6 degrees C. However, the 3rd and 4th instar larvae were significantly shorter and lighter in weight when reared in diluted water samples from mosquito non-breeding ponds. Similar effects were found on the developmental stages of Cx. tarsalis Coquillette. Data on water quality parameters of filtered pond waters showed higher levels of hexavalent chromium (4X), nitrites (10X), nitrates (2X), sulfates (5X), and salinity (2X) in water samples from non-breeding ponds. Based on these data, the presence of high levels of hexavalent chromium and sulfate appear to be responsible for the absence of mosquito breeding in some dairy ponds.
2004年在实验室条件下研究了奶牛场池塘水质对蚊子生物学特性的影响。由于未发现蚊子繁殖的奶牛场原水样本浊度高且对幼虫有毒性，在测试对蚊子发育的亚致死效应之前，将来自蚊子繁殖池塘和非繁殖池塘的水样进行过滤并用蒸馏水稀释5倍。在23.9摄氏度和26.6摄氏度下，稀释后的池塘水对致倦库蚊的整体发育没有显著有害影响。然而，在来自蚊子非繁殖池塘的稀释水样中饲养时，三龄和四龄幼虫明显更短且体重更轻。在致倦库蚊的发育阶段也发现了类似的影响。过滤后池塘水的水质参数数据显示，非繁殖池塘水样中的六价铬（4倍）、亚硝酸盐（10倍）、硝酸盐（2倍）、硫酸盐（5倍）和盐度（2倍）含量较高。基于这些数据，高浓度的六价铬和硫酸盐似乎是一些奶牛场池塘没有蚊子繁殖的原因。
