Ragin C C R, Modugno F, Gollin S M
Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
J Dent Res. 2007 Feb;86(2):104-14. doi: 10.1177/154405910708600202.
Head and neck cancer was the eighth leading cause of cancer death worldwide in 2000. Although the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the United States is relatively low, survival is poor and has not improved for several decades. While tobacco and alcohol are the primary risk factors for HNSCC development, epidemiological studies report a strong association with human papillomavirus (HPV) in a subset of HNSCC. More than 95% of cervical squamous cell carcinomas are linked to persistent HPV infection; evidence demonstrates that HPV is a necessary carcinogen. Not all HPV-positive HNSCC express the viral oncogenes (E6 and E7), which suggests that HPV may function as a carcinogen in a smaller proportion of HNSCC. This review presents our current understanding of the relationship between HPV and HNSCC, and describes future research directions that may lead to a better understanding of the involvement of HPV in head and neck cancer.
2000年，头颈癌是全球第八大致癌死亡原因。尽管美国头颈鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的发病率相对较低，但生存率很低，且几十年来一直没有改善。虽然烟草和酒精是HNSCC发生的主要危险因素，但流行病学研究报告称，在一部分HNSCC中，其与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）有密切关联。超过95%的宫颈鳞状细胞癌与持续的HPV感染有关；有证据表明HPV是一种必要的致癌物。并非所有HPV阳性的HNSCC都表达病毒癌基因（E6和E7），这表明HPV在较小比例的HNSCC中可能作为致癌物发挥作用。本综述介绍了我们目前对HPV与HNSCC之间关系的理解，并描述了未来的研究方向，这些方向可能有助于更好地理解HPV在头颈癌中的作用。
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