Martini Marcelo Zillo, Takahashi André, de Oliveira Neto Humberto Gomes, de Carvalho Júnior José Pereira, Curcio Ricardo, Shinohara Elio Hitoshi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Complex of Mandaqui, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Braz Dent J. 2006;17(3):243-8. doi: 10.1590/s0103-64402006000300013.
This article reviews cases of mandibular fractures treated at the Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Hospital Complex of Mandaqui (SUS/SP), which is a reference hospital complex for trauma in the northern area of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Ninety-eight patients with mandibular fractures were seen at the hospital between January and December, 2001. Out of this total, 91 cases whose files were deemed adequate in terms of data accuracy and completeness were reviewed. The following data were collected for the study: age, gender, etiology, anatomical fracture site, treatment modality, relation to other facial bone fractures, hospitalization time and posttrauma complications. Motorcycle accident was the major cause of mandibular fractures followed by physical aggression and height fall. The mandibular anatomical sites of higher fracture incidence were: body, symphysis and condyle. The most commonly performed treatment modes were conservative approach or open reduction and intraosseous fixation. In conclusion, motorcycle accidents were associated with a larger number of facial fractures and most predominantly affect 21-30 year-old males. On the average, motor vehicle accident victims had more (and more severe) fractures than physical aggression victims. Complications were mostly associated with angle fractures and hospitalization period. Polytraumatized patients presented greater morbidity for complications.
本文回顾了在曼达基综合医院（巴西圣保罗市北部地区创伤参考医院，隶属于巴西统一卫生系统/圣保罗州）口腔颌面外科接受治疗的下颌骨骨折病例。2001年1月至12月期间，该医院共接诊了98名下颌骨骨折患者。其中，91例患者的病历在数据准确性和完整性方面被认为足够，纳入了本研究。本研究收集了以下数据：年龄、性别、病因、骨折解剖部位、治疗方式、与其他面部骨折的关系、住院时间及创伤后并发症。摩托车事故是下颌骨骨折的主要原因，其次是人身攻击和高处坠落。下颌骨骨折发生率较高的解剖部位为：下颌体、下颌联合及髁突。最常用的治疗方式为保守治疗或切开复位内固定。总之，摩托车事故导致的面部骨折数量较多，且主要影响21至30岁的男性。平均而言，机动车事故受害者的骨折情况比人身攻击受害者更多（且更严重）。并发症大多与下颌角骨折和住院时间有关。多发伤患者并发症的发病率更高。
