Zisberg Anna, Young Heather M, Schepp Karen, Zysberg Leehu
Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
J Adv Nurs. 2007 Feb;57(4):442-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04103.x.
This paper reports a concept analysis identifying the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept of routine and examining the implications and applications of this concept in the field of nursing.
Routine may be a pivotal concept in understanding functional adaptation and wellbeing. Nurses in institutional settings work according to scheduled routines, patient care is largely orchestrated in routines set by organizations and regulations, and persons receiving care have their own life routines determining identity, capacities and frame of reference. However, to date, nursing has paid little attention to the relevance of routine and the role it may play in patient care.
A concept analysis was conducted using Rodgers' guidelines. The literature search was based on the following databases: PsycInfo, CINAHL, MedLine, Social Services, and Social Work abstracts. To be included in the analysis, papers had to relate directly and essentially to the concept of routine. Seventy-four papers published from 1977 to 2005 were included in the final stage of the analysis. The analysis included target populations, disciplinary perspectives, type of manuscript, themes and definitions, theoretical models, antecedents and consequences, as well as related terms.
Routine is a concept pertaining to strategically designed behavioural patterns (conscious and subconscious) and is used to organize and coordinate activities along different axes of time, duration, social and physical contexts, sequence and order. It emerges from the literature as a strategy that serves adaptation, in general, especially in the face of change and stressful situations. The conceptual structure, relations with other concepts, antecedents and consequences are described.
The concept of routine is ill-defined and seldom used in the field of nursing, despite the promise it may hold for a better understanding of a wide range of health-related issues. This concept analysis offers an integrative view of routine and suggests directions for future research and practice.
本文报告一项概念分析，确定常规这一概念的属性、前因和后果，并探讨该概念在护理领域的意义及应用。
常规可能是理解功能适应和健康状况的关键概念。在机构环境中，护士按既定常规工作，患者护理很大程度上是按照组织和规定设定的常规来安排的，而接受护理的人有自己的生活常规，这些常规决定了他们的身份、能力和参照框架。然而，迄今为止，护理领域很少关注常规的相关性及其在患者护理中可能发挥的作用。
采用罗杰斯的指导方针进行概念分析。文献检索基于以下数据库：心理学文摘数据库（PsycInfo）、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、医学文献数据库（MedLine）、社会服务数据库和社会工作文摘数据库。要纳入分析的论文必须直接且本质上与常规概念相关。1977年至2005年发表的74篇论文被纳入分析的最后阶段。分析内容包括目标人群、学科视角、手稿类型、主题与定义、理论模型、前因与后果以及相关术语。
常规是一个与经过战略设计的行为模式（有意识和潜意识的）相关的概念，用于沿着时间、时长、社会和物理环境、顺序和秩序等不同轴来组织和协调活动。从文献中可以看出，它通常是一种有助于适应的策略，尤其是在面对变化和压力情况时。文中描述了其概念结构、与其他概念的关系、前因和后果。
尽管常规概念有望帮助更好地理解广泛的健康相关问题，但在护理领域其定义不明确且很少被使用。这项概念分析提供了对常规的综合观点，并为未来的研究和实践指明了方向。
