Cerná Milena, Spĕvácková Vĕra, Batáriová Andrea, Smíd Jirí, Cejchanová Mája, Ocadlíková Dana, Bavorová Hana, Benes Bohuslav, Kubínová Růzena
National Institute of Public Health, Centre of Environmental Health, Srobárova 48, 10042 Prague 10, Czech Republic.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2007 May;210(3-4):495-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.005. Epub 2007 Feb 12.
The human biomonitoring (HBM) is an integral part of Environmental Health Monitoring System in the Czech Republic since 1994. Selected biomarkers of the internal dose (heavy metals, PCBs) and cytogenetic analysis of peripheral lymphocytes as a biomarker of the exposure/effect to/of environmental genotoxic factors are systematically followed up in the blood and urine of adults (blood donors), in children aged 8 to 10 years, and in the breast milk of nursing mothers. Selected outputs documented the declining trend of blood lead levels, with the recent reference value of 80 mg/l for men, and the rising trend of blood selenium levels in adults, but not in children. PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in human milk show a long-term downward trend, but still higher than in neighbouring countries. The frequency of aberrant cells revealed a downward trend, but the increase obtained in the last monitored period needs to be explained. Further HBM activities are required to demonstrate the corresponding trends and to reduce human exposure and health risks.
自1994年以来，人体生物监测（HBM）一直是捷克共和国环境卫生监测系统的一个组成部分。在成年人（献血者）、8至10岁儿童以及哺乳期母亲的母乳中，系统地追踪选定的内剂量生物标志物（重金属、多氯联苯）以及外周淋巴细胞的细胞遗传学分析，将其作为环境遗传毒性因子暴露/效应的生物标志物。选定的结果记录了血铅水平的下降趋势，目前男性的参考值为80毫克/升，以及成年人血硒水平的上升趋势，但儿童中未出现这种趋势。人乳中的多氯联苯和氯化农药呈长期下降趋势，但仍高于邻国。异常细胞的频率呈下降趋势，但在最后一个监测期内出现的增加情况需要作出解释。需要进一步开展人体生物监测活动，以证明相应趋势并减少人体接触和健康风险。
