Satoh Hiroyuki, Morimoto Yuji, Arai Tsunenori, Asanuma Hiroshi, Kawauchi Satoko, Seguchi Kenji, Kikuchi Makoto, Murai Masaru
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
J Urol. 2007 Mar;177(3):1169-73. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.038.
Noninvasive and serial evaluation of tumor development and growth is important in an orthotopic animal bladder tumor model. However, to our knowledge a reliable method has not been established. We determined the usefulness of intravesical ultrasonography for tumor staging and volumetric assessment in an animal model.
Tumors with various stages were formed in 20 female Fischer F344 rats by implanting AY-27 rat bladder carcinoma cells. Cells were implanted by instilling a suspension (4x10 cells) into the bladder cavity after urothelial denudation using hydrochloric acid or by directly injecting the cell suspension into the bladder wall. Tumor volume and invasion depth were measured by intravesical ultrasonography using an ultrathin 2.5Fr intraluminal ultrasound catheter via the urethra 7 to 10 days after cancer cell implantation. The rats were then sacrificed for histopathological examination.
All rats showed bladder tumors 7 to 10 days after cancer cell implantation, of which stages varied from superficial to advanced disease. Intravesical ultrasonography showed a clear cross-sectional view of all layers of the bladder wall and enabled visualization of bladder tumors (minimal 0.5 mm in diameter). This approach also provided an accurate diagnosis of tumor invasion into muscle layers and perivesical tissues with precise invasion depth and tumor size. The positive predictive ratio regarding tumor staging reached 85%. Repeat examinations were feasible without noticeable adverse effects.
Intravesical ultrasonography is a reliable and appropriate noninvasive method for evaluating tumor stage and size in an orthotopic rat bladder tumor model.
在原位动物膀胱肿瘤模型中，对肿瘤的发生和生长进行无创性连续评估非常重要。然而，据我们所知，尚未建立一种可靠的方法。我们确定了膀胱内超声检查在动物模型中对肿瘤分期和体积评估的实用性。
通过植入AY-27大鼠膀胱癌细胞，在20只雌性Fischer F344大鼠中形成不同阶段的肿瘤。使用盐酸使膀胱上皮剥脱后，将细胞悬液（4×10个细胞）滴入膀胱腔，或将细胞悬液直接注入膀胱壁来植入细胞。在癌细胞植入后7至10天，通过尿道使用超薄2.5Fr腔内超声导管进行膀胱内超声检查，测量肿瘤体积和浸润深度。然后处死大鼠进行组织病理学检查。
所有大鼠在癌细胞植入后7至10天均出现膀胱肿瘤，其阶段从浅表到晚期不等。膀胱内超声检查显示了膀胱壁各层的清晰横截面图像，并能够观察到膀胱肿瘤（直径最小0.5毫米）。这种方法还能准确诊断肿瘤对肌层和膀胱周围组织的浸润情况，以及精确的浸润深度和肿瘤大小。肿瘤分期的阳性预测率达到85%。重复检查可行，且无明显不良反应。
膀胱内超声检查是一种可靠且合适的无创方法，可用于评估原位大鼠膀胱肿瘤模型中的肿瘤分期和大小。
