Donnelly Paul S, Xiao Zhiguang, Wedd Anthony G
School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2007 Apr;11(2):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.678. Epub 2007 Feb 14.
Copper is essential for some of the enzymes that have a role in brain metabolism. Sophisticated mechanisms balance copper import and export to ensure proper nutrient levels (homeostasis) while minimizing toxic effects. Several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by modified copper homeostasis. This change seems to contribute either directly or indirectly to increased oxidative stress, an important factor in neuronal toxicity. When coupled to misfolded proteins, this modified copper homeostasis appears to be an important factor in the pathological progression of AD.
铜对于一些在大脑新陈代谢中起作用的酶至关重要。复杂的机制平衡铜的进出，以确保适当的营养水平（内稳态），同时将毒性作用降至最低。包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）在内的几种神经退行性疾病的特征是铜稳态发生改变。这种变化似乎直接或间接地导致氧化应激增加，而氧化应激是神经元毒性的一个重要因素。当与错误折叠的蛋白质结合时，这种改变的铜稳态似乎是AD病理进展的一个重要因素。
