Mattler Uwe
Klinik fur Neurologie II, Otto-von-Guericke Universitat Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Feb;33(1):83-102. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.1.83.
The processing of a visual target that follows a briefly presented prime stimulus can be facilitated if prime and target stimuli are similar. In contrast to these positive priming effects, inverse priming effects (or negative compatibility effects) have been found when a mask follows prime stimuli before the target stimulus is presented: Responses are facilitated after dissimilar primes. Previous studies on inverse priming effects examined target-priming effects, which arise when the prime and the target stimuli share features that are critical for the response decision. In contrast, 3 experiments of the present study demonstrate inverse priming effects in a nonmotor cue-priming paradigm. Inverse cue-priming effects exhibited time courses comparable to inverse target-priming effects. Results suggest that inverse priming effects do not arise from specific processes of the response system but follow from operations that are more general.
如果启动刺激和目标刺激相似，那么对跟随短暂呈现的启动刺激之后的视觉目标进行加工会更容易。与这些正启动效应相反，当在呈现目标刺激之前有一个掩蔽刺激跟随启动刺激时，就会发现逆启动效应（或负兼容性效应）：在不相似的启动刺激之后反应会更容易。以往关于逆启动效应的研究考察的是目标启动效应，即当启动刺激和目标刺激共享对反应决策至关重要的特征时产生的效应。相比之下，本研究的3个实验在非运动线索启动范式中证明了逆启动效应。逆线索启动效应表现出与逆目标启动效应相当的时间进程。结果表明，逆启动效应并非源于反应系统的特定过程，而是源于更一般的操作。
