Lupker Stephen J, Davis Colin J
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 May;35(3):618-39. doi: 10.1037/a0015278.
An orthographically similar masked nonword prime facilitates responding in a lexical decision task (Forster & Davis, 1984). Recently, this masked priming paradigm has been used to evaluate models of orthographic coding--odels that attempt to quantify prime-target similarity. One general finding is that priming effects often do not occur when prime-target similarity is moderate, a result that the authors interpret as being due to uncontrolled effects of lexical inhibition. In the present research, a new version of the masked priming paradigm, sandwich priming, was introduced in an effort to minimize the impact of lexical inhibition. Masked sandwich priming involves briefly presenting the target itself prior to the presentation of each prime. Results indicate that the new paradigm was successful. The predicted priming effects were observed for Guerrera and Forster's (2008) T-All primes (e.g., avacitno-VACATION) and for primes differing from their targets at 3 letter positions (e.g., coshure-CAPTURE)-effects that are not found with the conventional masked priming paradigm. In addition to demonstrating the usefulness of the sandwich priming technique, these results also support the assumption that inhibitory processes play an important role in lexical processing.
在词汇判断任务中，一个拼写相似的掩蔽非词启动项会促进反应（福斯特和戴维斯，1984）。最近，这种掩蔽启动范式已被用于评估正字法编码模型——这些模型试图量化启动项与目标项的相似性。一个普遍的发现是，当启动项与目标项的相似性处于中等程度时，启动效应往往不会出现，作者将这一结果解释为是由于词汇抑制的失控效应所致。在本研究中，引入了一种掩蔽启动范式的新版本，即三明治启动，以尽量减少词汇抑制的影响。掩蔽三明治启动包括在呈现每个启动项之前短暂呈现目标项本身。结果表明新范式是成功的。对于格雷拉和福斯特（2008）的T-All启动项（例如，avacitno-VACATION）以及与目标项在3个字母位置不同的启动项（例如，coshure-CAPTURE），观察到了预测的启动效应——而传统掩蔽启动范式并未发现这些效应。除了证明三明治启动技术的有用性外，这些结果还支持了抑制过程在词汇加工中起重要作用这一假设。
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