Toll Benjamin A, Schepis Ty S, O'Malley Stephanie S, McKee Sherry A, Krishnan-Sarin Suchitra
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007 Jul 10;89(2-3):302-5. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.01.011. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
We examined subjective responses to smoking the first cigarette of the day and investigated how these responses related to smoking cessation treatment outcome. Data from participants (N=207) in a clinical trial of message framing for smoking cessation with bupropion, obtained prior to the targeted quit day, were used to examine indices of craving, withdrawal, and affect before and after smoking the first cigarette of the day. After smoking the initial cigarette, craving, withdrawal symptoms, and negative affect were lessened, and positive affect increased. Greater decreases in craving as measured by the questionnaire on smoking urges-brief (QSU-Brief) predicted relapse at the end of treatment (6 weeks) and at the 3-month follow-up time point. These associations do not appear to be mediated by established measures of dependence. Thus, this preliminary study provides evidence that there are significant changes in craving, withdrawal, and affect related to smoking the first cigarette of the day, with the largest of these changes observed for craving. Moreover, changes in tobacco craving in response to the first cigarette of the day may be a novel predictor of smoking relapse that should be tested in future studies.
我们研究了对吸每日第一支香烟的主观反应，并调查了这些反应与戒烟治疗结果之间的关系。来自一项使用安非他酮进行戒烟信息框架临床试验的参与者（N = 207）的数据，这些数据是在目标戒烟日之前获得的，用于检查吸每日第一支香烟前后的渴望、戒断和情绪指标。吸完第一支香烟后，渴望、戒断症状和负面影响减轻，积极情绪增加。通过吸烟冲动简短问卷（QSU-Brief）测量的渴望程度的更大降低预测了治疗结束时（6周）和3个月随访时间点的复发。这些关联似乎不是由既定的依赖测量指标介导的。因此，这项初步研究提供了证据，表明与吸每日第一支香烟相关的渴望、戒断和情绪存在显著变化，其中渴望的变化最为明显。此外，对每日第一支香烟的烟草渴望变化可能是吸烟复发的一个新预测指标，应在未来研究中进行测试。
