Kourtis Athena P, Ibegbu Chris C, Theiler Regan, Xu Yong-Xian, Bansil Pooja, Jamieson Denise J, Lindsay Michael, Butera Salvatore, Duerr Ann
Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2007 Apr 1;195(7):965-72. doi: 10.1086/512082. Epub 2007 Feb 20.
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to the infant through breast-feeding is a major problem worldwide; however, the biological circumstances of such transmission remain unclear. Little characterization of breast milk CD4(+) T lymphocytes has been done so far.
We performed a detailed immunophenotypic analysis of T lymphocytes in the breast milk, compared with the blood, of HIV-uninfected (n=9) and HIV-infected (n=10) women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, by use of multiparameter flow cytometry. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric comparisons were performed using SAS software (version 9.1; SAS Institute).
In uninfected women, 44%-78% of breast milk CD4(+) T cells expressed the C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), whereas 26%-73% of cells coexpressed CCR5 and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). In contrast, only 7%-20% of peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells expressed CCR5 and 1%-20% coexpressed CCR5 and CXCR4. The level of CCR5 expression in CD4(+) T cells in breast milk was higher than in blood. In HIV-infected women, the high frequency of CD4(+)CCR5(+) T cells in breast milk was preserved.
A majority of CD4(+) T cells in breast milk express high levels of CCR5 and CXCR4. Unlike other mucosal immune sites, in which CD4(+)CCR5(+) T cells are rapidly eliminated by HIV, these cells are preserved in breast milk during HIV infection.
通过母乳喂养将人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播给婴儿是一个全球性的主要问题；然而，这种传播的生物学情况仍不清楚。到目前为止，对母乳中CD4(+) T淋巴细胞的特征描述很少。
我们通过多参数流式细胞术，对接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的未感染HIV（n = 9）和感染HIV（n = 10）的女性的母乳和血液中的T淋巴细胞进行了详细的免疫表型分析。使用SAS软件（版本9.1；SAS研究所）进行描述性统计和非参数比较。
在未感染的女性中，44% - 78%的母乳CD4(+) T细胞表达C趋化因子受体5（CCR5），而26% - 73%的细胞同时表达CCR5和CXC趋化因子受体4（CXCR4）。相比之下，外周血中只有7% - 20%的CD4(+) T细胞表达CCR5，1% - 20%的细胞同时表达CCR5和CXCR4。母乳中CD4(+) T细胞的CCR5表达水平高于血液中的。在感染HIV的女性中，母乳中CD4(+)CCR5(+) T细胞的高频率得以保留。
母乳中的大多数CD4(+) T细胞表达高水平的CCR5和CXCR4。与其他黏膜免疫部位不同，在其他部位CD4(+)CCR5(+) T细胞会被HIV迅速清除，而在HIV感染期间，这些细胞在母乳中得以保留。
