Bernat Debra H, August Gerald J, Hektner Joel M, Bloomquist Michael L
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2007 Aug;35(4):605-17. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9116-5. Epub 2007 Feb 27.
We examined effects of the Early Risers "Skills for Success" early-age-targeted prevention program on serious conduct problems following 5 years of continuous intervention and one year of follow-up. We also examined if intervention effects on proximally-targeted variables found after 3 years mediated intervention effects on conduct problems found after 6 years. Participants included 151 at-risk children (106 males and 45 females) followed from first through sixth-grade, from 23 semi-rural schools in Minnesota. After 6 years, program children showed fewer oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms than control children. Program children did not significantly differ from controls on number of conduct disorder (CD) symptoms, DSM-IV diagnoses of ODD and CD, or drug use involvement. Results of the mediation analysis indicated that fewer ODD symptoms among program youth after 6 years were partially mediated by social skills and effective discipline. The study provides support for the early-starter model of conduct problems development that provides the framework for the Early Risers intervention. The study's implications for prevention and limitations are discussed.
我们研究了“成功技能”这一针对儿童早期的预防项目在持续干预5年及随访1年后，对严重行为问题的影响。我们还研究了3年后发现的针对近端目标变量的干预效果是否介导了6年后发现的对行为问题的干预效果。研究对象包括来自明尼苏达州23所半农村学校的151名高危儿童（106名男性和45名女性），从一年级到六年级进行跟踪研究。6年后，参与项目的儿童比对照组儿童表现出更少的对立违抗障碍（ODD）症状。在品行障碍（CD）症状数量、ODD和CD的DSM-IV诊断或药物使用方面，参与项目的儿童与对照组没有显著差异。中介分析结果表明，6年后项目组青少年较少的ODD症状部分是由社交技能和有效管教介导的。该研究为行为问题发展的早期启动模型提供了支持，该模型为“早起者”干预提供了框架。文中讨论了该研究对预防的意义及局限性。
