Adwanikar Hita, Ji Guangchen, Li Weidong, Doods Henri, Willis William D, Neugebauer Volker
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1069, USA.
Pain. 2007 Nov;132(1-2):53-66. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.024. Epub 2007 Mar 1.
CGRP receptor activation has been implicated in peripheral and central sensitization. The role of spinal CGRP receptors in supraspinal pain processing and higher integrated pain behavior is not known. Here we studied the effect of spinal inhibition of CGRP1 receptors on supraspinally organized vocalizations and activity of amygdala neurons. Our previous studies showed that pain-related audible and ultrasonic vocalizations are modulated by the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). Vocalizations in the audible and ultrasonic range and hindlimb withdrawal thresholds were measured in awake adult rats before and 5-6h after induction of arthritis by intra-articular injections of kaolin and carrageenan into one knee. Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from neurons in the latero-capsular division of the CeA (CeLC) in anesthetized rats before and after arthritis induction. CGRP1 receptor antagonists were applied to the lumbar spinal cord intrathecally (5 microl/min) 6h postinduction of arthritis. Spinal administration of peptide (CGRP8-37, 1 microM) and non-peptide (BIBN4096BS, 1 microM) CGRP1 receptor antagonists significantly inhibited the increased responses of CeLC neurons to mechanical stimulation of the arthritic knee but had no effect under normal conditions. In arthritic rats, the antagonists also inhibited the audible and ultrasonic components of vocalizations evoked by noxious stimuli and increased the threshold of hindlimb withdrawal reflexes. The antagonists had no effect on vocalizations and spinal reflexes in normal rats. These data suggest that spinal CGRP1 receptors are not only important for spinal pain mechanisms but also contribute significantly to the transmission of nociceptive information to the amygdala and to higher integrated behavior.
降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)受体激活与外周和中枢敏化有关。脊髓CGRP受体在脊髓上疼痛处理和更高层次的综合疼痛行为中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们研究了脊髓抑制CGRP1受体对脊髓上组织的发声和杏仁核神经元活动的影响。我们之前的研究表明,与疼痛相关的可听和超声发声受杏仁核中央核(CeA)调节。在成年清醒大鼠中,通过向一侧膝关节内注射高岭土和角叉菜胶诱导关节炎之前和之后5 - 6小时,测量可听和超声范围内的发声以及后肢退缩阈值。在麻醉大鼠中,于关节炎诱导前后,从CeA外侧囊部(CeLC)的神经元进行细胞外单单位记录。在关节炎诱导后6小时,将CGRP1受体拮抗剂鞘内注射到腰脊髓(5微升/分钟)。脊髓给予肽类(CGRP8 - 37,1微摩尔)和非肽类(BIBN4096BS,1微摩尔)CGRP1受体拮抗剂可显著抑制CeLC神经元对关节炎膝关节机械刺激的反应增强,但在正常条件下无作用。在患有关节炎的大鼠中,拮抗剂还抑制了有害刺激诱发的发声的可听和超声成分,并提高了后肢退缩反射的阈值。拮抗剂对正常大鼠的发声和脊髓反射无作用。这些数据表明,脊髓CGRP1受体不仅对脊髓疼痛机制很重要,而且在伤害性信息向杏仁核的传递以及更高层次的综合行为中也起着重要作用。