Buchheit Martin, Laursen Paul B, Ahmaidi Saïd
Laboratoire de Recherche EA 3300 (APS et Conduites Motrices: Adaptations Réadaptations), Faculté des Sciences du Sport d'Amiens, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Allée P. Grousset, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jul;293(1):H133-41. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00062.2007. Epub 2007 Mar 2.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of muscular power engagement, anaerobic participation, aerobic power level, and energy expenditure on postexercise parasympathetic reactivation. We compared the response of heart rate (HR) after repeated sprinting with that of exercise sessions of comparable net energy expenditure and anaerobic energy contribution. Fifteen moderately trained athletes performed 1) 18 maximal all-out 15-m sprints interspersed with 17 s of passive recovery (RS), 2) a moderate isocaloric continuous exercise session (MC) at a level of mean oxygen uptake similar to that of the RS trial, and 3) a high-intensity intermittent exercise session (HI) conducted at a level of anaerobic energy expenditure similar to that of the RS trial. Subjects were immediately seated after the exercise trials, and beat-to-beat HR was recorded for 10 min. Parasympathetic reactivation was evaluated through 1) immediate postexercise HR recovery, 2) the time course of the root mean square for the successive R-R interval difference between successive 30-s segments (RMSSD(30s)) and 3) HR variability vagal-related indexes calculated for the last 5-min stationary period of recovery. RMSSD(30s) increased during the 10-min period after the MC trial, whereas RMSSD(30s) remained depressed after both the RS and HI trials. Parasympathetic reactivation indexes were similar for the RS and HI trials but lower than for the MC trial (P < 0.001). When data of the three exercise trials were considered together, only anaerobic contribution was related to HR trial-derived indexes. Parasympathetic reactivation is highly impaired after RS exercise and appears to be mainly related to anaerobic process participation.
本研究的目的是探讨肌肉力量参与、无氧参与、有氧功率水平和能量消耗对运动后副交感神经再激活的影响。我们比较了重复冲刺后心率（HR）的反应与净能量消耗和无氧能量贡献相当的运动时段的反应。15名中度训练的运动员进行了以下三项运动：1）18次全力冲刺，每次冲刺15米，中间穿插17秒的被动恢复（RS）；2）中等热量的持续运动时段（MC），平均摄氧量水平与RS试验相似；3）高强度间歇运动时段（HI），无氧能量消耗水平与RS试验相似。运动试验后，受试者立即就座，并记录10分钟的逐搏心率。通过以下三个方面评估副交感神经再激活：1）运动后立即的心率恢复；（2）连续30秒段之间连续R-R间期差值的均方根随时间的变化过程（RMSSD(30s)）；（3）在恢复的最后5分钟静止期计算的与迷走神经相关的心率变异性指标。在MC试验后的10分钟内，RMSSD(30s)增加，而在RS和HI试验后，RMSSD(30s)仍然较低。RS和HI试验的副交感神经再激活指标相似，但低于MC试验（P<0.001）。当综合考虑三项运动试验的数据时，只有无氧贡献与基于心率试验得出的指标相关。RS运动后副交感神经再激活严重受损，似乎主要与无氧过程参与有关。
