Buchheit Martin, Gindre Cyrille
Laboratoire des Régulations Physiologiques et des Rythmes Biologiques chez l'Homme, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jul;291(1):H451-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00008.2006. Epub 2006 Feb 24.
The objective of this study was to establish the separate associations between parasympathetic modulations of the heart [evaluated through heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) indexes and postexercise HR recovery (HRR) indexes] with cardiorespiratory fitness and training load. We have measured cardiorespiratory fitness through peak oxygen consumption (Vo2 max) and estimated weekly training load with the Baecke sport score in 55 middle-aged individuals (30.8 +/- 1.8 yr, body mass index 24.5 +/- 0.4 kg/m2). HRV indexes were analyzed at rest under controlled breathing, and HRR was estimated from HR curve fitting after maximal exercise or from measurements of the number of beats recovered at 60 s after exercise. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the separate relationships between vagal-related HRV indexes and Vo2 max and Baecke scores. On the basis of their Vo2 max and Baecke scores, subjects were classified as fit or unfit and as low trained (LT) or moderately trained (MT), which yielded four groups: UnfitLT, UnfitMT, FitLT, and FitMT. Vagal-related HRV indexes were positively correlated with Vo2 max (P < 0.05) but not with Baecke scores. In contrast, HRR indexes were related to Baecke scores (P < 0.05) but not with Vo2 max. FitLT and FitMT had significantly higher (P < 0.05) normalized vagal-related HRV indexes than UnfitLT and UnfitMT, but HRR did not change. Moderate training was associated with significantly lower HRR indexes both in UnfitMT and FitMT compared with UnfitLT and FitLT, but there was no difference in vagal-related HRV indexes. These results indicate that vagal-related HRV indexes are related more to cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas HRR appears to be better associated with training load.
本研究的目的是确定心脏副交感神经调节[通过心率（HR）变异性（HRV）指标和运动后HR恢复（HRR）指标进行评估]与心肺适能和训练负荷之间的独立关联。我们通过峰值耗氧量（Vo2 max）测量心肺适能，并使用贝克体育评分法估算55名中年个体（30.8±1.8岁，体重指数24.5±0.4 kg/m2）的每周训练负荷。在控制呼吸的静息状态下分析HRV指标，并通过最大运动后HR曲线拟合或运动后60秒恢复心跳次数的测量来估算HRR。使用多元线性回归研究迷走神经相关HRV指标与Vo2 max和贝克评分之间的独立关系。根据受试者的Vo2 max和贝克评分，将其分为健康或不健康以及低训练量（LT）或中等训练量（MT），从而产生四组：不健康LT组、不健康MT组、健康LT组和健康MT组。迷走神经相关HRV指标与Vo2 max呈正相关（P<0.05），但与贝克评分无关。相反，HRR指标与贝克评分相关（P<0.05），但与Vo2 max无关。健康LT组和健康MT组的标准化迷走神经相关HRV指标显著高于不健康LT组和不健康MT组（P<0.05），但HRR没有变化。与不健康LT组和健康LT组相比，中等训练量在不健康MT组和健康MT组中均与显著更低的HRR指标相关，但迷走神经相关HRV指标没有差异。这些结果表明，迷走神经相关HRV指标与心肺适能的关系更为密切，而HRR似乎与训练负荷的关联更好。
