Nagler Rafael, Dayan Dan
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Biochemistry Laboratory and Salivary Clinic, Rambam Medical Center and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Oncology. 2006;71(1-2):10-7. doi: 10.1159/000100445. Epub 2007 Mar 5.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common head and neck malignancy, represents a serious public health problem. Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS)/tobacco is considered responsible for up to 90% of cases of this cancer worldwide. Free radicals, which often originate in CS and reactive nitrogen species, are frequently considered to be the reagents capable of triggering the process leading to malignant transformation. Initially dysplastic lesions of the mucosa are transformed into in situ carcinoma lesions, eventually resulting in a full-blown infiltrating and metastasizing OSCC. A synergistic, deleterious interaction between CS and saliva has been reported, which may result in the rapid destruction of biological macromolecules such as enzymes and proteins, giving it a possible pivotal role in the pathogenesis of OSCC. This lethal synergistic effect of CS and saliva is probably based on the reaction between redox-active metals in saliva and low reactive free radicals in CS. This is a novel concept recognizing that when exposed to CS, salivary behavior is reversed and saliva loses its antioxidant capacity, becoming a potent pro-oxidant milieu.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的头颈部恶性肿瘤，是一个严重的公共卫生问题。在全球范围内，高达90%的该类癌症病例被认为与接触香烟烟雾（CS）/烟草有关。自由基通常源于香烟烟雾和活性氮物质，常被认为是能够引发导致恶性转化过程的试剂。最初，黏膜发育异常病变会转变为原位癌病变，最终发展成全面浸润和转移的口腔鳞状细胞癌。据报道，香烟烟雾和唾液之间存在协同的有害相互作用，这可能导致酶和蛋白质等生物大分子迅速被破坏，使其在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发病机制中可能起关键作用。香烟烟雾和唾液的这种致命协同效应可能基于唾液中的氧化还原活性金属与香烟烟雾中低活性自由基之间的反应。这是一个新的概念，即认识到当暴露于香烟烟雾时，唾液行为会发生逆转，唾液失去其抗氧化能力，变成一个强大的促氧化环境。
