Lin Pi-Chu, Hung Shih-Hsin, Liao Meng-Hsueh, Sheen Shu-Yi, Jong Shwu-Yuan
Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
J Nurs Res. 2006 Dec;14(4):251-60. doi: 10.1097/01.jnr.0000387584.89468.30.
The objective of this study was to understand the following: (1) the specific care needs of geriatric hip fracture patients; (2) the level of care difficulty during the transition period following discharge; and (3) the correlation amongst demographics, the physical function status of the elderly, and care needs. Purposive sampling was used, and a total of 71 hip fracture cases and their caregivers were selected. A survey was carried out to collect data just before discharge and one week following discharge. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and a paired t-test. Results were as follows: Most geriatric patients depended upon care from family members before discharge, with an average physical function status score of 6.99 (0 to 18) that improved significantly after one week to 10.27; paired t = -7.956 (p < .000). The mean age of primary caregivers was 51.72 years old (SD = 14.05). Most caregivers (47, or 66.2%) were female. The relationship between elderly participants and their primary caregiver was predominantly that of husband and wife (22 people; 31.0%). Participant care needs identified included return visit assistance, awareness of safety at all times, assistance with cleaning and maintaining living quarters, and so on. Caring tasks that were identified as more difficult for the primary caregivers includes providing stair climbing assistance, emotional problems management assistance, walking training assistance, rehabilitation assistance, and emergency disease management assistance. The care needs of the elderly in this study and level of execution difficulty for caregivers was found to be negatively related to the physical function status of the elderly. The study results suggest that providing patient-related home care knowledge to primary caregivers prior to discharge from the hospital and enhancement of the social support system are both needed.
（1）老年髋部骨折患者的具体护理需求；（2）出院后过渡期的护理难度水平；（3）人口统计学、老年人身体功能状况与护理需求之间的相关性。采用目的抽样法，共选取了71例髋部骨折病例及其照顾者。在出院前和出院后一周进行了调查以收集数据。统计方法包括描述性统计、相关性分析、单因素方差分析和配对t检验。结果如下：大多数老年患者在出院前依赖家庭成员的照顾，身体功能状态平均评分为6.99（0至18分），一周后显著提高至10.27分；配对t = -7.956（p <.000）。主要照顾者的平均年龄为51.72岁（标准差 = 14.05）。大多数照顾者（47人，占66.2%）为女性。老年参与者与其主要照顾者之间的关系主要是夫妻关系（22人，占31.0%）。确定的参与者护理需求包括复诊协助、随时的安全意识、清洁和维护居住场所的协助等。对主要照顾者来说较困难的护理任务包括提供爬楼梯协助、情绪问题管理协助、步行训练协助、康复协助和紧急疾病管理协助。本研究中老年患者的护理需求和照顾者的执行难度水平与老年人的身体功能状况呈负相关。研究结果表明，在患者出院前向主要照顾者提供与患者相关的家庭护理知识以及加强社会支持系统都是必要的。
