Bachá-Méndez Gustavo, Reid Alliston K, Mendoza-Soylovna Adela
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2007 Jan;87(1):5-24. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2007.55-05.
Two experiments with rats examined the dynamics of well-learned response sequences when reinforcement contingencies were changed. Both experiments contained four phases, each of which reinforced a 2-response sequence of lever presses until responding was stable. The contingencies then were shifted to a new reinforced sequence until responding was again stable. Extinction-induced resurgence of previously reinforced, and then extinguished, heterogeneous response sequences was observed in all subjects in both experiments. These sequences were demonstrated to be integrated behavioral units, controlled by processes acting at the level of the entire sequence. Response-level processes were also simultaneously operative. Errors in sequence production were strongly influenced by the terminal, not the initial, response in the currently reinforced sequence, but not by the previously reinforced sequence. These studies demonstrate that sequence-level and response-level processes can operate simultaneously in integrated behavioral units. Resurgence and the development of integrated behavioral units may be dissociated; thus the observation of one does not necessarily imply the other.
两项以大鼠为对象的实验研究了在强化偶联发生变化时，已熟练掌握的反应序列的动态变化。两项实验均包含四个阶段，每个阶段强化一个由两次杠杆按压组成的反应序列，直至反应稳定。然后，强化偶联转变为一个新的强化序列，直至反应再次稳定。在两项实验的所有受试大鼠中均观察到了先前强化、随后消退的异质反应序列的消退诱导复苏现象。这些序列被证明是整合的行为单元，受作用于整个序列水平的过程控制。反应水平的过程也同时起作用。序列产生中的错误受当前强化序列中的终端反应而非初始反应的强烈影响，但不受先前强化序列的影响。这些研究表明，序列水平和反应水平的过程可以在整合的行为单元中同时运作。复苏和整合行为单元的发展可能是分离的；因此，观察到其中一个现象并不一定意味着另一个现象也会出现。
