Olivadoti Melissa, Toth Linda A, Weinberg Jason, Opp Mark R
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Comp Med. 2007 Feb;57(1):44-50.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human gammaherpesvirus (GHV) that causes acute infection and establishes life-long latency. EBV is associated with the development of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, several malignant cancers, the syndrome of infectious mononucleosis, and chronic interstitial lung disease. Although the molecular biology of EBV has been characterized extensively, the associated disease conditions and their pathogenesis are difficult to study in human populations because of variation in human environments and genetics, the well-documented effect of stressors on pathogenesis, and the chronic and latent properties of the virus. GHV are highly species-specific, and suitable animal models for EBV are not available. However, in 1980, a murine gammaherpesvirus (MuGHV, also known as MHV68 and gammaHV68) was identified as a natural pathogen of bank voles and wood mice. Experimental MuGHV infections in laboratory mice share many features of EBV infections in humans, including facets of the clinical human syndrome known as infectious mononucleosis. These features make MuGHV a valuable experimental model for studying the pathophysiology of a GHV in a natural host.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是一种普遍存在的人类γ疱疹病毒（GHV），可引起急性感染并建立终身潜伏感染。EBV与B细胞淋巴增殖性疾病、多种恶性肿瘤、传染性单核细胞增多症综合征以及慢性间质性肺病的发生有关。尽管EBV的分子生物学已得到广泛研究，但由于人类环境和基因的差异、应激源对发病机制的显著影响以及该病毒的慢性和潜伏特性，相关疾病状况及其发病机制在人类群体中难以进行研究。GHV具有高度的物种特异性，目前尚无适合EBV研究的动物模型。然而，1980年，一种鼠γ疱疹病毒（MuGHV，也称为MHV68和γHV68）被鉴定为田鼠和林鼠的天然病原体。实验室小鼠的实验性MuGHV感染具有人类EBV感染的许多特征，包括被称为传染性单核细胞增多症的临床综合征的多个方面。这些特征使MuGHV成为研究天然宿主中GHV病理生理学的有价值的实验模型。
