De Benedictis P, Beato M S, Capua I
OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2007;54(2):51-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01029.x.
The recent outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) worldwide have highlighted the difficulties in controlling this disease both in developed and in developing countries. Biosecurity is considered the most important tool to prevent and control AI. In certain areas of the world, AI has become endemic and the recent outbreaks in Europe and Africa show that the epidemiological situation is evolving in an unprecedented way. The consequences of this situation are economic losses to the poultry industry, food security issues in developing countries and a serious threat to human health, due to the direct consequences of AI infection in humans, and more alarmingly due to the risk of the generation of a new pandemic virus from the animal reservoir. In this paper, the physical and chemical methods of inactivating AI viruses are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the practicalities of using such methods in the poultry industry.
近期全球范围内的禽流感疫情凸显了发达国家和发展中国家在控制该疾病方面面临的困难。生物安全被视为预防和控制禽流感的最重要手段。在世界某些地区，禽流感已成为地方病，欧洲和非洲近期的疫情表明，流行病学形势正在以前所未有的方式演变。这种情况的后果包括家禽业的经济损失、发展中国家的粮食安全问题，以及对人类健康的严重威胁，这不仅源于禽流感病毒直接感染人类，更令人担忧的是动物宿主产生新型大流行病毒的风险。本文综述了灭活禽流感病毒的物理和化学方法，尤其着重于这些方法在禽类产业中的实际应用。
