Virtanen Heli, Leino-Kilpi Helena, Salanterä Sanna
University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science, FIN-20014, Finland.
Patient Educ Couns. 2007 May;66(2):140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2006.12.010. Epub 2007 Mar 8.
A systematic literature review, using a metasummary technique for qualitative studies (n=15) was conducted to describe the nature of empowering discourses between patient and nurse.
Computerised searches from 1995 to October 2005 were conducted on the Ovid Medline database using the keywords empower(), power(), resource(), participat(), facilitat(), negotiat(), communicat(), interact(), dialog(), discours(), discuss(), encount(), conversat(*) and 'nurse-patient relations'. All statements concerning empowering discourse were integrated into 29 abstracted findings. Frequency and intensity effect sizes were then calculated.
Empowering discourses vary from study to study. Analysed as a whole, an empowering discourse has specific characteristics and structure. Both patients and nurses have essential roles within this type of discourse and their relationship is characterized by an appreciation of each other's expertise within these roles.
The results of this review show empowerment during discourse between patient and nurse has a complex and multifaceted but analysable nature. More research is needed to find systematic methods of empowering discourse.
The results of this study increase nurses' understanding of empowering methods in patient education identifying ways of facilitating patient empowerment.
采用定性研究的元总结技术对15项研究进行系统的文献综述，以描述患者与护士之间增强权能话语的本质。
于1995年至2005年10月期间，在Ovid Medline数据库中进行计算机检索，使用的关键词为“empower()”“power()”“resource()”“participat()”“facilitat()”“negotiat()”“communicat()”“interact()”“dialog()”“discours()”“discuss()”“encount()”“conversat(*)”以及“护士-患者关系”。所有关于增强权能话语的陈述被整合为29个摘要性研究结果。随后计算频率和强度效应量。
不同研究中的增强权能话语各不相同。总体分析来看，增强权能话语具有特定的特征和结构。在这类话语中，患者和护士都发挥着重要作用，他们的关系特点是在这些角色中相互欣赏对方的专业知识。
本综述结果表明，患者与护士之间话语中的增强权能具有复杂且多面但可分析的本质。需要更多研究来找到增强权能话语的系统方法。
本研究结果增进了护士对患者教育中增强权能方法的理解，明确了促进患者增强权能的方式。
