古菌中的基因衰退。
Gene decay in archaea.
作者信息
van Passel M W J, Smillie C S, Ochman H
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Arizona, 1007 East Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
出版信息
Archaea. 2007 May;2(2):137-43. doi: 10.1155/2007/165723.
The gene-dense chromosomes of archaea and bacteria were long thought to be devoid of pseudogenes, but with the massive increase in available genome sequences, whole genome comparisons between closely related species have identified mutations that have rendered numerous genes inactive. Comparative analyses of sequenced archaeal genomes revealed numerous pseudogenes, which can constitute up to 8.6% of the annotated coding sequences in some genomes. The largest proportion of pseudogenes is created by gene truncations, followed by frameshift mutations. Within archaeal genomes, large numbers of pseudogenes contain more than one inactivating mutation, suggesting that pseudogenes are deleted from the genome more slowly in archaea than in bacteria. Although archaea seem to retain pseudogenes longer than do bacteria, most archaeal genomes have unique repertoires of pseudogenes.
长期以来，人们一直认为古生菌和细菌的基因密集型染色体不含假基因，但随着可用基因组序列的大量增加，亲缘关系较近物种之间的全基因组比较发现了许多使基因失活的突变。对已测序古生菌基因组的比较分析揭示了大量假基因，在某些基因组中，假基因可占注释编码序列的8.6%。假基因的最大比例是由基因截断产生的，其次是移码突变。在古生菌基因组中，大量假基因含有不止一个失活突变，这表明与细菌相比，古生菌基因组中假基因的删除速度更慢。尽管古生菌似乎比细菌保留假基因的时间更长，但大多数古生菌基因组都有独特的假基因库。
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