Maylor Elizabeth A, Reimers Stian, Choi Jean, Collaer Marcia L, Peters Michael, Silverman Irwin
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Arch Sex Behav. 2007 Apr;36(2):235-49. doi: 10.1007/s10508-006-9155-y.
Despite some evidence of greater age-related deterioration of the brain in males than in females, gender differences in rates of cognitive aging have proved inconsistent. The present study employed web-based methodology to collect data from people aged 20-65 years (109,612 men; 88,509 women). As expected, men outperformed women on tests of mental rotation and line angle judgment, whereas women outperformed men on tests of category fluency and object location memory. Performance on all tests declined with age but significantly more so for men than for women. Heterosexuals of each gender generally outperformed bisexuals and homosexuals on tests where that gender was superior; however, there were no clear interactions between age and sexual orientation for either gender. At least for these particular tests from young adulthood to retirement, age is kinder to women than to men, but treats heterosexuals, bisexuals, and homosexuals just the same.
尽管有一些证据表明男性大脑与年龄相关的衰退比女性更严重，但认知衰老速度的性别差异并不一致。本研究采用基于网络的方法，从20至65岁的人群中收集数据（男性109612人；女性88509人）。正如预期的那样，男性在心理旋转和线角判断测试中表现优于女性，而女性在类别流畅性和物体位置记忆测试中表现优于男性。所有测试的表现都随年龄下降，但男性下降得比女性更显著。在各性别占优势的测试中，每种性别的异性恋者通常比双性恋者和同性恋者表现更好；然而，两种性别的年龄与性取向之间均没有明显的相互作用。至少对于从青年期到退休期的这些特定测试而言，年龄对女性比对男性更“宽容”，但对异性恋者、双性恋者和同性恋者一视同仁。
